Tuberculosis of the scrotal and penile skin in an HIV-infected patient

Abstract

Tuberculosis co-occurring with HIV infection frequently manifests as extrapulmonary localisations. The authors present a clinical case of a 53-year-old patient who initially presented with genital skin changes. The patient engaged in self-treatment, which ultimately resulted in the dissemination of the infectious process and significant alterations in the architectonics of the genital area. The patient exhibited socially withdrawn behaviour and refused medical consultation. Subsequent diagnostic evaluation revealed concomitant HIV infection. The patient succumbed to generalised tuberculosis with multiple organ involvement, including lesions in the brain, lungs, liver, spleen, large intestine, and skin. Histological examination confirmed cutaneous tuberculosis affecting the scrotum, penis, and inner surface of the thighs, characterised as the infiltrative-ulcerative form. This case highlights that timely medical intervention and overcoming psychological barriers, such as social stigma and personal embarrassment, could have saved the life of the 53-year-old patient.