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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2024-12-5-105-112</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-964</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ПРАКТИЧЕСКИМ ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXCHANGE OF PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика анатомических предпосылок интермиттирующего перекрута яичка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis of the anatomic preconditions of intermittent testicular torsion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-2297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саблин</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sablin</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саблин Дмитрий Евгеньевич.</p><p>Архангельск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy E. Sablin.</p><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sablinde@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-8671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сизонов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sizonov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сизонов Владимир Валентинович — д-р мед. наук, профессор.</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Sizonov — Dr.Sci.(Med.); Full Prof.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsizonov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3957-1615</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каганцов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kagantsov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каганцов Илья Маркович — д-р мед. наук.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya M. Kagantsov — Dr.Sc.(Med).</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilkagan@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0461-8700</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамик</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamik</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шамик Виктор Борисович — д-р мед. наук, профессор.</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor B. Shamik — Dr.Sci.(Med.); Full Prof.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prof.shamik@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9265-580X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукаш</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukash</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукаш Юлия Валентиновна — к-т мед. наук, доцент.</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Lukash — Сand.Sc.(Med); Assoc.Prof.(Docent).</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lukash_yv@rostgmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Архангельская областная детская клиническая больница им. П.Г. Выжлецова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vyzhletsov Arkhangelsk Regional Children's Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет; Областная детская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University; Rostov Regional Children's Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова; Детская городская больница № 22; Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre; St. Petersburg Children's City Hospital No. 22; Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саблин Д.Е., Сизонов В.В., Каганцов И.М., Шамик В.Б., Лукаш Ю.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саблин Д.Е., Сизонов В.В., Каганцов И.М., Шамик В.Б., Лукаш Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sablin D.E., Sizonov V.V., Kagantsov I.M., Shamik V.B., Lukash Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/964">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/964</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Среди пациентов с интермиттирующим перекрутом яичка (ПЯ), по данным серии исследований, вероятность потери гонады составляет 29% – 50%. Предрасполагающей к формированию ПЯ является аномалия фиксации яичка типа «язык колокола». В случаях с интермиттирующим ПЯ перенесённые эпизоды приступов гемискротальной боли не являются достаточным основанием к ревизии яичка, что определяет актуальность разработок методик визуализации, позволяющих документировать наличие анатомических предпосылок к ПЯ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Поиск методик, способных помочь в решении проблемы документирования анатомических предпосылок к формированию тестикулярной торсии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для диагностики анатомических предпосылок интермиттирующего ПЯ разработана методика ультразвукового исследования. Пациент осматривается после спонтанной деторсии, когда стандартных признаков ПЯ нет. Реализация предложенной методики возможна в течение ближайших 18 часов после спонтанной деторсии, когда формируется реактивная водянка яичка. Фиксируем яичко с небольшой тракцией в каудальном направлении, одновременно перемещая внутриоболочечную жидкость вверх. Устанавливаем датчик над верхним полюсом яичка в горизонтальной плоскости. Жидкость смещается аномально высоко вдоль семенного канатика внутри влагалищной оболочки брюшины и окружает семенной канатик со всех сторон, что позволяет хорошо визуализировать интраперитонеально расположенный семенной канатик над яичком в пределах оболочек яичка. При выявлении описанного ультразвукового симптома «стержня языка колокола» можно диагностировать аномалию «язык колокола», создающую предпосылки для интермиттирующего ПЯ, и обоснованно выполнить ревизию и фиксацию яичка.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По описанной методике обследованы 8 пациентов, у всех выявлен симптом «стержня языка колокола», рекомендована фиксация яичка. Средний возраст пациентов составил 12,4 года. Среднее время после исчезновения боли в мошонке — 8 часов (от 1 до 18 часов). У всех 8 пациентов интраоперационно подтверждена патология фиксации яичка по типу «языка колокола».</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациента с остро возникшей гемискротальной болью (затем спонтанно исчезнувшей) при выявлении ультразвукового симптома «стержня языка колокола» можно диагностировать наличие аномалии фиксации яичка, создающей анатомические условия для интермиттирующего ПЯ, что позволяет трансформировать диагностику интермиттирующего ПЯ из плоскости диагноза исключения в плоскость диагноза, установленного на основе доказанных анатомических предпосылок тестикулярной торсии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In a series of studies, patients with intermittent testicular torsion (ITT) have a 29% to 50% chance of gonad loss. The «bell clapper» type testicular fixation abnormality is a predisposing factor for TT. In cases of ITT, episodes of hemiscrotal pain attack are not a sufficient reason to scrotal revision, which makes it important to develop imaging techniques to document the presence of anatomical preconditions for ITT.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To find a methodology beneficial in solving the problem of documenting the anatomical preconditions for ITT.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. To diagnose anatomical preconditions of ITT, we have developed a method of ultrasound. Ultrasound can be used to prove the presence of a “bell clapper» deformity by visualizing the spermatic cord proximal to the testis surrounded by fluid. Fix the testis with a slight traction in a caudal direction while moving the fluid inside the sheaths upward. Place the transducer over the spermatic cord in a horizontal position. The fluid is displaced abnormally high along the spermatic cord within the peritoneal vaginal sheath and surrounds the spermatic cord on all sides, allowing good visualization of the spermatic cord above the testis within the testicular sheaths. If we continue with the bell analogy, the resulting ultrasound picture can be called «bell clapper rod» symptom. A patient with an ultrasound-derived «bell clapper rod» symptom can be diagnosed with a testicular fixation anomaly that creates anatomic conditions for intermittent testicular torsion. The ultrasound arguments obtained allow us to confidently form indications for testicular fixation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Eight patients were examined according to the described method, all of them showed the symptom of ‘bell clapper rod’, and testicular fixation was recommended. The average age of the patients was 12.4 years. The average time after scrotal pain resolution was 8 hours (from 1 to 18 hours). All eight patients had intraoperative verification of abnormal testicular fixation of the ‘bell clapper rod’.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A patient with the acute hemiscrotal pain and then its spontaneous disappearance with the ultrasound-derived «bell clapper rod» symptom can be diagnosed with a testicular fixation anomaly that creates anatomic conditions for ITT. Preoperative diagnosis based on ultrasound combined with clinical data transforms the ITT from a diagnosis of exclusion to a diagnosis based on proven anatomical preconditions for testicular torsion. The ultrasound arguments obtained allow us to confidently form indications for testicular fixation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интермиттирующий перекрут</kwd><kwd>язык колокола</kwd><kwd>острые заболевания органов мошонки</kwd><kwd>перекрут яичка</kwd><kwd>тестикулярная ишемия</kwd><kwd>неотложная урология</kwd><kwd>фиксация яичка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intermittent testicular torsion</kwd><kwd>bell clapper deformity</kwd><kwd>acute scrotum</kwd><kwd>testicular torsion</kwd><kwd>testicular ischemia</kwd><kwd>emergency urology</kwd><kwd>testicular fixation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greear GM, Romano MF, Katz MH, Munarriz R, Rague JT. Testicular torsion: epidemiological risk factors for orchiectomy in pediatric and adult patients. Int J Impot Res. 2021;33(2):184-190. 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