<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2024-12-4-121-134</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-911</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мультимодальный анализ почечных камней для поиска новых биомаркеров мочекаменной болезни</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Multimodal analysis of renal stones to explore new biomarkers of urolithiasis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0988-512X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Елена Олеговна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena O. Popova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popova_e_o1@student.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-7250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ткачев</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tkachev</surname><given-names>S. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ткачев Сергей Юрьевич.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Y. Tkachev.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tkachev_s_yu@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2318-1743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпенко</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpenko</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпенко Анастасия Константиновна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia K. Karpenko.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya271130@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7448-3934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ли</surname><given-names>Ю. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lee</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ли Юлия Августовна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya A. Lee.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">julee1806@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9257-6142</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Числов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chislov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Числов Павел Анатольевич.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel A. Chislov.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavel_chislov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-4190</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Али</surname><given-names>С. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ali</surname><given-names>S. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Али Станислав Хусейнович — канд. мед. наук.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav H. Ali — Cand.Sc.(Med).</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ali_s_kh@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6513-9888</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дымов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dymov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дымов Алим Мухамедович — канд. мед. наук.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alim M. Dymov — Cand.Sc.(Med).</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alimdymov82@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9510-9487</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винаров</surname><given-names>А. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinarov</surname><given-names>A. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Винаров Андрей Зиновьевич — д-р мед. наук, профессор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Z. Vinarov — Dr.Sc.(Med.), Full Prof.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avinarov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-0820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акованцева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akovantseva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акованцева Анастасия Александровна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya A. Akovantseva.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akovantseva-a@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3879-2424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>Б. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>B. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ершов Борис Петрович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris P. Ershov.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borya.ershov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1486-5434</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голуб</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golub</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голуб Данила Андреевич.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danila A. Golub.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danila.golub2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0681-864X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щеклеина</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchekleina</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щеклеина Мария Дмитриевна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria D. Shchekleina.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mary.shec@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0326-8233</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галечян</surname><given-names>Г. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galechyan</surname><given-names>G. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галечян Геворг Юрьевич.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gevorg Y. Galechyan.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galechyan_g_yu@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3276-7508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богоедов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogoedov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богоедов Даниил Александрович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Bogoedov.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daniil.bogoedov@skoltech.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3215-2389</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гафарова</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gafarova</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гафарова Эльвира Разитовна.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira R. Gafarova.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gafarova_e_r@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6139-6991</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаэлян</surname><given-names>Р. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaelyan</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мусаэлян Роман Эдуардович.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman E. Musaelyan.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romaniero1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7773-2435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимашев</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timashev</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимашев Петр Сергеевич — д-р хим. наук, профессор.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Peter S. Timashev — Dr.Sc. (Chem.), Full Prof.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timashev_p_s@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики им. Н. Н. Семенова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ГридПоинт Дайнамикс»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GridPoint Dynamics, LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр «Почвенный институт им. В.В. Докучаева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dokuchaev Soil Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>121</fpage><lpage>134</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Попова Е.О., Ткачев С.Ю., Карпенко А.К., Ли Ю.A., Числов П.А., Али С.Х., Дымов А.М., Винаров А.З., Акованцева А.А., Ершов Б.П., Голуб Д.А., Щеклеина М.Д., Галечян Г.Ю., Богоедов Д.А., Гафарова Э.Р., Мусаэлян Р.Э., Тимашев П.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова Е.О., Ткачев С.Ю., Карпенко А.К., Ли Ю.A., Числов П.А., Али С.Х., Дымов А.М., Винаров А.З., Акованцева А.А., Ершов Б.П., Голуб Д.А., Щеклеина М.Д., Галечян Г.Ю., Богоедов Д.А., Гафарова Э.Р., Мусаэлян Р.Э., Тимашев П.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova E.O., Tkachev S.Y., Karpenko A.K., Lee Y.A., Chislov P.A., Ali S.H., Dymov A.M., Vinarov A.Z., Akovantseva A.A., Ershov B.P., Golub D.A., Shchekleina M.D., Galechyan G.Y., Bogoedov D.A., Gafarova E.R., Musaelyan R.E., Timashev P.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/911">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/911</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на развитие малоинвазивной хирургии мочекаменная болезнь по-прежнему рецидивирует в течение первых пяти лет после первого эпизода отхождения конкрементов более чем у 50% пациентов. Мочекаменная болезнь не только существенно снижает качество жизни пациентов, но и может привести к терминальной стадии почечной недостаточности, поэтому исследователи продолжают поиск новых ингибиторов кристаллизации, врачи разрабатывают и исследуют эффективность стратегий метафилактики, а учёные-физики совместно с урологами тестируют всё более совершенные источники лазерного излучения для разрушения камней. Однако для того чтобы снизить частоту рецидивов мочекаменной болезни, необходимо изучить почечные камни не только как результат изолированного процесса патологической биоминерализации в организме человека, но и в качестве биогенного минерала или горной породы, образование которых подчиняется универсальным закономерностям и которые обладают определёнными свойствами. Соответственно, почечные камни можно изучать методами, которые широко применяются в геологических науках, такими как рентгеновская микротомография и петрографический анализ шлифов минералов. В данном обзоре литературы мы рассмотрели, как мультимодальный анализ почечных камней обеспечивает поиск новых биомаркеров мочекаменной болезни. Обсуждается, как новые данные, полученные с помощью мультимодального анализа камней, могут быть использованы для разработки персонализированных стратегий метафилактики и лечения всех видов уролитиаза, в том числе и самого распространённого идиопатического кальций-оксалатного уролитиаза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite advances in minimally invasive surgery, urolithiasis still recurs within the first five years after the first episode in more than 50% of patients. Researchers continue to search for new crystallisation inhibitors, metaphylaxis strategies and laser sources for stone destruction. Therefore, to achieve these goals, it is necessary to study kidney stones not only as the result of an isolated process of pathological biomineralisation in the human body, but also as a biogenic mineral or rock that obeys universal patterns and has certain properties. Consequently, kidney stones need to be studied using methods that are widely used in the geological sciences for the study of minerals, such as computed microtomography and petrological analysis. In this review, the properties of kidney stones studied using various research methods used in geosciences are discussed. These properties are also considered as new biomarkers of urolithiasis. This review discusses how new data from multimodal stone analysis can be used to develop personalised metaphylaxis and treatment strategies for all types of urolithiasis, including the most common idiopathic calcium-oxalate urolithiasis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>нефролитиаз</kwd><kwd>камни почек</kwd><kwd>лазерная литотрипсия</kwd><kwd>свойства почечных камней</kwd><kwd>морфология почечных камней</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>nephrolithiasis</kwd><kwd>kidney stones</kwd><kwd>laser lithotripsy</kwd><kwd>renal stones</kwd><kwd>properties</kwd><kwd>renal stones</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке Российского научного фонда, грант № 22-75-10100 от 15 июля 2022 года.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted with the Russia Science Foundation support, grant No. 22-75-10100 signed July 15, 2022.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan SR, Pearle MS, Robertson WG, Gambaro G, Canales BK, Doizi S, Traxer O, Tiselius HG. Kidney stones. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16008. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan SR, Pearle MS, Robertson WG, Gambaro G, Canales BK, Doizi S, Traxer O, Tiselius HG. Kidney stones. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016;2:16008. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sorokin I, Mamoulakis C, Miyazawa K, Rodgers A, Talati J, Lotan Y. Epidemiology of stone disease across the world. World J Urol. 2017;35(9):1301-1320. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-017-2008-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sorokin I, Mamoulakis C, Miyazawa K, Rodgers A, Talati J, Lotan Y. Epidemiology of stone disease across the world. World J Urol. 2017;35(9):1301-1320. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-017-2008-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferraro PM, Cunha TDS, Curhan GC. Sex Differences and the Risk of Kidney Stones. Semin Nephrol. 2022;42(2):230-235. DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2022.04.012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferraro PM, Cunha TDS, Curhan GC. Sex Differences and the Risk of Kidney Stones. Semin Nephrol. 2022;42(2):230-235. DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2022.04.012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Edvardsson VO, Indridason OS, Haraldsson G, Kjartansson O, Palsson R. Temporal trends in the incidence of kidney stone disease. Kidney Int. 2013;83(1):146-152. Erratum in: Kidney Int. 2013;83(5):972. DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.320</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Edvardsson VO, Indridason OS, Haraldsson G, Kjartansson O, Palsson R. Temporal trends in the incidence of kidney stone disease. Kidney Int. 2013;83(1):146-152. Erratum in: Kidney Int. 2013;83(5):972. DOI: 10.1038/ki.2012.320</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD Results. Accessed on 9.05.2023 URL: https://www.healthdata.org/data-visualization/gbd-results</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. GBD Results. Accessed on 9.05.2023 URL: https://www.healthdata.org/data-visualization/gbd-results</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gadzhiev N, Prosyannikov M, Malkhasyan V, Akopyan G, Somani B, Sivkov A, Apolikhin O, Kaprin A. Urolithiasis prevalence in the Russian Federation: analysis of trends over a 15-year period. World J Urol. 2021;39(10):3939-3944. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03729-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gadzhiev N, Prosyannikov M, Malkhasyan V, Akopyan G, Somani B, Sivkov A, Apolikhin O, Kaprin A. Urolithiasis prevalence in the Russian Federation: analysis of trends over a 15-year period. World J Urol. 2021;39(10):3939-3944. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03729-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chewcharat A, Curhan G. Trends in the prevalence of kidney stones in the United States from 2007 to 2016. Urolithiasis. 2021;49:27–39. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-020-01210-w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chewcharat A, Curhan G. Trends in the prevalence of kidney stones in the United States from 2007 to 2016. Urolithiasis. 2021;49:27–39. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-020-01210-w</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moe OW. Kidney stones: pathophysiology and medical management. Lancet. 2006;367(9507):333-344. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68071-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moe OW. Kidney stones: pathophysiology and medical management. Lancet. 2006;367(9507):333-344. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68071-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alexander RT, Hemmelgarn BR, Wiebe N, Bello A, Morgan C, Samuel S, Klarenbach SW, Curhan GC, Tonelli M; Alberta Kidney Disease Network. Kidney stones and kidney function loss: a cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e5287. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e5287</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alexander RT, Hemmelgarn BR, Wiebe N, Bello A, Morgan C, Samuel S, Klarenbach SW, Curhan GC, Tonelli M; Alberta Kidney Disease Network. Kidney stones and kidney function loss: a cohort study. BMJ. 2012;345:e5287. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e5287</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shoag J, Halpern J, Goldfarb DS, Eisner BH. Risk of chronic and end stage kidney disease in patients with nephrolithiasis. J Urol. 2014;192(5):1440-1445. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.05.117</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shoag J, Halpern J, Goldfarb DS, Eisner BH. Risk of chronic and end stage kidney disease in patients with nephrolithiasis. J Urol. 2014;192(5):1440-1445. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.05.117</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Green BW, Labagnara K, Feiertag N, Gupta K, Donnelly J, Watts KL, Crivelli JJ, Assimos DG, Small AC. Financial Toxicity of Nephrolithiasis: The First Assessment of the Economic Stresses of Kidney Stone Treatment. Urology. 2022;170:46-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.08.042</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Green BW, Labagnara K, Feiertag N, Gupta K, Donnelly J, Watts KL, Crivelli JJ, Assimos DG, Small AC. Financial Toxicity of Nephrolithiasis: The First Assessment of the Economic Stresses of Kidney Stone Treatment. Urology. 2022;170:46-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.08.042</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Litwin MS, Saigal CS, Yano EM, Avila C, Geschwind SA, Hanley JM, Joyce GF, Madison R, Pace J, Polich SM, Wang M; Urologic Diseases in America Project. Urologic diseases in America Project: analytical methods and principal findings. J Urol. 2005;173(3):933-937. DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000152365.43125.3b</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litwin MS, Saigal CS, Yano EM, Avila C, Geschwind SA, Hanley JM, Joyce GF, Madison R, Pace J, Polich SM, Wang M; Urologic Diseases in America Project. Urologic diseases in America Project: analytical methods and principal findings. J Urol. 2005;173(3):933-937. DOI: 10.1097/01.ju.0000152365.43125.3b</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan SR, Canales BK, Dominguez-Gutierrez PR. Randall’s plaque and calcium oxalate stone formation: role for immunity and inflammation. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2021;17(6):417-433. DOI: 10.1038/s41581-020-00392-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan SR, Canales BK, Dominguez-Gutierrez PR. Randall’s plaque and calcium oxalate stone formation: role for immunity and inflammation. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2021;17(6):417-433. DOI: 10.1038/s41581-020-00392-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zou XC, Luo CW, Yuan RM, Jin MN, Zeng T, Chao HC. Develop a radiomics-based machine learning model to predict the stone-free rate post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Urolithiasis. 2024;52(1):64. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-024-01562-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zou XC, Luo CW, Yuan RM, Jin MN, Zeng T, Chao HC. Develop a radiomics-based machine learning model to predict the stone-free rate post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Urolithiasis. 2024;52(1):64. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-024-01562-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sivalingam S, Streeper NM, Sehgal PD, Sninsky BC, Best SL, Nakada SY. Does Combination Therapy with Tamsulosin and Tolterodine Improve Ureteral Stent Discomfort Compared with Tamsulosin Alone? A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Urol. 2016;195(2):385-390. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.08.104</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sivalingam S, Streeper NM, Sehgal PD, Sninsky BC, Best SL, Nakada SY. Does Combination Therapy with Tamsulosin and Tolterodine Improve Ureteral Stent Discomfort Compared with Tamsulosin Alone? A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Urol. 2016;195(2):385-390. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.08.104</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yakoubi R, Lemdani M, Monga M, Villers A, Koenig P. Is there a role for α-blockers in ureteral stent related symptoms? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Urol. 2011;186(3):928-934. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.04.061</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yakoubi R, Lemdani M, Monga M, Villers A, Koenig P. Is there a role for α-blockers in ureteral stent related symptoms? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Urol. 2011;186(3):928-934. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.04.061</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lucio J 2nd, Korkes F, Lopes-Neto AC, Silva EG, Mattos MH, Pompeo AC. Steinstrasse predictive factors and outcomes after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. Int Braz J Urol. 2011;37(4):477-482. DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000400006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lucio J 2nd, Korkes F, Lopes-Neto AC, Silva EG, Mattos MH, Pompeo AC. Steinstrasse predictive factors and outcomes after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. Int Braz J Urol. 2011;37(4):477-482. DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000400006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Steinberg RL, Johnson BA, Sorokin I, Garbens A, Ganesan V, Crivelli J, Akhtar A, Antonelli J, Pearle M. PD34-02 natural history of residual fragments after aggressive ureteroscopy and fragment retrieval. Journal of Urology. 2020;203(Supplement 4):e711-e712. DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000000905.02</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steinberg RL, Johnson BA, Sorokin I, Garbens A, Ganesan V, Crivelli J, Akhtar A, Antonelli J, Pearle M. PD34-02 natural history of residual fragments after aggressive ureteroscopy and fragment retrieval. Journal of Urology. 2020;203(Supplement 4):e711-e712. DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000000905.02</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fouke BW. An apatite for kidney stones. Nat. Geosci. 2022;15:692-693. DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01013-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fouke BW. An apatite for kidney stones. Nat. Geosci. 2022;15:692-693. DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01013-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sivaguru M, Lieske JC, Krambeck AE, Fouke BW. GeoBioMed sheds new light on human kidney stone crystallization and dissolution. Nat Rev Urol. 2020;17(1):1-2. DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0256-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sivaguru M, Lieske JC, Krambeck AE, Fouke BW. GeoBioMed sheds new light on human kidney stone crystallization and dissolution. Nat Rev Urol. 2020;17(1):1-2. DOI: 10.1038/s41585-019-0256-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haldar SK, Tišljar J. Chapter 2 – Basic Mineralogy. In: Haldar SK, Tišljar J, eds. Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology. Oxford: Elsevier; 2020:39–79.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haldar SK, Tišljar J. Chapter 2 – Basic Mineralogy. In: Haldar SK, Tišljar J, eds. Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology. Oxford: Elsevier; 2020:39–79.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Broz M, Cook R, Whitney D. Microhardness, toughness, and modulus of Mohs scale minerals. American Mineralogist. 2006;91(1):135-142. DOI: 10.2138/am.2006.1844</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Broz M, Cook R, Whitney D. Microhardness, toughness, and modulus of Mohs scale minerals. American Mineralogist. 2006;91(1):135-142. DOI: 10.2138/am.2006.1844</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sivaguru M, Saw JJ, Williams JC Jr, Lieske JC, Krambeck AE, Romero MF, Chia N, Schwaderer AL, Alcalde RE, Bruce WJ, Wildman DE, Fried GA, Werth CJ, Reeder RJ, Yau PM, Sanford RA, Fouke BW. Geobiology reveals how human kidney stones dissolve in vivo. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):13731. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31890-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sivaguru M, Saw JJ, Williams JC Jr, Lieske JC, Krambeck AE, Romero MF, Chia N, Schwaderer AL, Alcalde RE, Bruce WJ, Wildman DE, Fried GA, Werth CJ, Reeder RJ, Yau PM, Sanford RA, Fouke BW. Geobiology reveals how human kidney stones dissolve in vivo. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):13731. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31890-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Todorov LG, Sivaguru M, Krambeck AE, Lee MS, Lieske JC, Fouke BW. GeoBioMed perspectives on kidney stone recurrence from the reactive surface area of SWL-derived particles. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):18371. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23331-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Todorov LG, Sivaguru M, Krambeck AE, Lee MS, Lieske JC, Fouke BW. GeoBioMed perspectives on kidney stone recurrence from the reactive surface area of SWL-derived particles. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):18371. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23331-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Manzoor MAP, Agrawal AK, Singh B, Mujeeburahiman M, Rekha PD. Morphological characteristics and microstructure of kidney stones using synchrotron radiation μCT reveal the mechanism of crystal growth and aggregation in mixed stones. PLoS One. 2019;14(3):e0214003. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Manzoor MAP, Agrawal AK, Singh B, Mujeeburahiman M, Rekha PD. Morphological characteristics and microstructure of kidney stones using synchrotron radiation μCT reveal the mechanism of crystal growth and aggregation in mixed stones. PLoS One. 2019;14(3):e0214003. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The European Association of Urology (EAU). Urolithiasis Guidelines. Accessed on 24.04.2024. URL: https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urolithiasis.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The European Association of Urology (EAU). Urolithiasis Guidelines. Accessed on 24.04.2024. URL: https://uroweb.org/guidelines/urolithiasis.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Urological Association. Kidney Stones: Surgical Management Guideline. Accessed on 24.04.2024. URL: https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/kidney-stones-surgical-management-guideline</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Urological Association. Kidney Stones: Surgical Management Guideline. Accessed on 24.04.2024. URL: https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/kidney-stones-surgical-management-guideline</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Urological Association. Kidney Stones: Medical Mangement Guideline. Accessed on 24.04.2024. URL: https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/kidney-stones-medical-mangement-guideline</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">American Urological Association. Kidney Stones: Medical Mangement Guideline. Accessed on 24.04.2024. URL: https://www.auanet.org/guidelines-and-quality/guidelines/kidney-stones-medical-mangement-guideline</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geraghty RM, Davis NF, Tzelves L, Lombardo R, Yuan C, Thomas K, Petrik A, Neisius A, Türk C, Gambaro G, Skolarikos A, Somani BK. Best Practice in Interventional Management of Urolithiasis: An Update from the European Association of Urology Guidelines Panel for Urolithiasis 2022. Eur Urol Focus. 2023;9(1):199-208. DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2022.06.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Geraghty RM, Davis NF, Tzelves L, Lombardo R, Yuan C, Thomas K, Petrik A, Neisius A, Türk C, Gambaro G, Skolarikos A, Somani BK. Best Practice in Interventional Management of Urolithiasis: An Update from the European Association of Urology Guidelines Panel for Urolithiasis 2022. Eur Urol Focus. 2023;9(1):199-208. DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2022.06.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akram M, Jahrreiss V, Skolarikos A, Geraghty R, Tzelves L, Emilliani E, Davis NF, Somani BK. Urological Guidelines for Kidney Stones: Overview and Comprehensive Update. J Clin Med. 2024;13(4):1114. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041114</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akram M, Jahrreiss V, Skolarikos A, Geraghty R, Tzelves L, Emilliani E, Davis NF, Somani BK. Urological Guidelines for Kidney Stones: Overview and Comprehensive Update. J Clin Med. 2024;13(4):1114. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041114</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daudon M, Bader CA, Jungers P. Urinary calculi: review of classification methods and correlations with etiology. Scanning Microsc. 1993;7(3):1081-1104; discussion 1104-1106. PMID: 8146609</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daudon M, Bader CA, Jungers P. Urinary calculi: review of classification methods and correlations with etiology. Scanning Microsc. 1993;7(3):1081-1104; discussion 1104-1106. PMID: 8146609</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daudon M, Dessombz A, Frochot V, Letavernier E, Haymann JP, Jungers P, Bazin D. Comprehensive morpho-constitutional analysis of urinary stones improves etiological diagnosis and therapeutic strategy of nephrolithiasis. Comptes Rendus Chim. 2016;19(11-12):1470-1491. DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2016.05.008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daudon M, Dessombz A, Frochot V, Letavernier E, Haymann JP, Jungers P, Bazin D. Comprehensive morpho-constitutional analysis of urinary stones improves etiological diagnosis and therapeutic strategy of nephrolithiasis. Comptes Rendus Chim. 2016;19(11-12):1470-1491. DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2016.05.008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cloutier J, Villa L, Traxer O, Daudon M. Kidney stone analysis: “Give me your stone, I will tell you who you are!”. World J Urol. 2015;33(2):157-169. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-014-1444-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cloutier J, Villa L, Traxer O, Daudon M. Kidney stone analysis: “Give me your stone, I will tell you who you are!”. World J Urol. 2015;33(2):157-169. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-014-1444-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Letavernier E, Bazin D, Daudon M. Description of Stone Morphology and Crystalluria Improve Diagnosis and Care of Kidney Stone Formers. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;11(1):2. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Letavernier E, Bazin D, Daudon M. Description of Stone Morphology and Crystalluria Improve Diagnosis and Care of Kidney Stone Formers. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;11(1):2. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Black KM, Law H, Aldoukhi A, Deng J, Ghani KR. Deep learning computer vision algorithm for detecting kidney stone composition. BJU Int. 2020;125(6):920-924. DOI: 10.1111/bju.15035</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Black KM, Law H, Aldoukhi A, Deng J, Ghani KR. Deep learning computer vision algorithm for detecting kidney stone composition. BJU Int. 2020;125(6):920-924. DOI: 10.1111/bju.15035</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang K, Wang YD, Mostaghimi P, Knackstedt M, Hargrave C, Armstrong RT. Deep convolutional neural network for 3D mineral identification and liberation analysis. Minerals Engineering. 2022;183:107592. DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2022.107592</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang K, Wang YD, Mostaghimi P, Knackstedt M, Hargrave C, Armstrong RT. Deep convolutional neural network for 3D mineral identification and liberation analysis. Minerals Engineering. 2022;183:107592. DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2022.107592</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu B, Ji X, He M, Yang M, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zheng X. Mineral Identification Based on Multi-Label Image Classification. Minerals. 2022;12(11):1338. DOI: 10.3390/min12111338</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu B, Ji X, He M, Yang M, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zheng X. Mineral Identification Based on Multi-Label Image Classification. Minerals. 2022;12(11):1338. DOI: 10.3390/min12111338</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Long T, Zhou Z, Hancke G, Bai Y, Gao Q. A Review of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Mineral Identification: Classification and Visualization. J Sens Actuator Netw. 2022;11(3):50. DOI: 10.3390/jsan11030050</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Long T, Zhou Z, Hancke G, Bai Y, Gao Q. A Review of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Mineral Identification: Classification and Visualization. J Sens Actuator Netw. 2022;11(3):50. DOI: 10.3390/jsan11030050</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Serrat J, Lumbreras F, Blanco F, Valiente M, López-Mesas M. myStone: A system for automatic kidney stone classification. Expert Syst Appl. 2017;89:41–51. DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2017.07.024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serrat J, Lumbreras F, Blanco F, Valiente M, López-Mesas M. myStone: A system for automatic kidney stone classification. Expert Syst Appl. 2017;89:41–51. DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2017.07.024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stone L. Assessing kidney stone composition using deep learning. Nat Rev Urol. 2020;17:192-193. DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0301-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stone L. Assessing kidney stone composition using deep learning. Nat Rev Urol. 2020;17:192-193. DOI: 10.1038/s41585-020-0301-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Onal EG, Tekgul H. Assessing kidney stone composition using smartphone microscopy and deep neural networks. BJUI Compass. 2022;3(4):310-315. DOI: 10.1002/bco2.137</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Onal EG, Tekgul H. Assessing kidney stone composition using smartphone microscopy and deep neural networks. BJUI Compass. 2022;3(4):310-315. DOI: 10.1002/bco2.137</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fazil Marickar YM, Varma L, Koshy, P. Ultra structural study of laminated urinary stone. Urol Res. 2009;37:289-292. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-009-0210-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fazil Marickar YM, Varma L, Koshy, P. Ultra structural study of laminated urinary stone. Urol Res. 2009;37:289-292. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-009-0210-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Orhan K, ed. Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT). In: Medicine and Engineering. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16641-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orhan K, ed. Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT). In: Medicine and Engineering. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-16641-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cnudde V, Boone MN. High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications. Earth-Sci Rev. 2013;123:1-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.04.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cnudde V, Boone MN. High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications. Earth-Sci Rev. 2013;123:1-17. DOI: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2013.04.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Williams JC Jr, Lingeman JE, Daudon M, Bazin D. Using micro computed tomographic imaging for analyzing kidney stones. C R Chim. 2021;24(Suppl 2):10.5802/crchim.89. DOI: 10.5802/crchim.89</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Williams JC Jr, Lingeman JE, Daudon M, Bazin D. Using micro computed tomographic imaging for analyzing kidney stones. C R Chim. 2021;24(Suppl 2):10.5802/crchim.89. DOI: 10.5802/crchim.89</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reedy CL. 3D Documentation and Analysis of Porosity in Deteriorated Historic Brick. Stud CONSERV. 2020;65:P258–P261. DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2020.1752426</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reedy CL. 3D Documentation and Analysis of Porosity in Deteriorated Historic Brick. Stud CONSERV. 2020;65:P258–P261. DOI: 10.1080/00393630.2020.1752426</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taud H, Martinez-Angeles R, Parrot JF, Hernandez-Escobedo L. Porosity estimation method by X-ray computed tomography. J Pet Sci Eng. 2005;47(3-4):209-217. DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2005.03.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taud H, Martinez-Angeles R, Parrot JF, Hernandez-Escobedo L. Porosity estimation method by X-ray computed tomography. J Pet Sci Eng. 2005;47(3-4):209-217. DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2005.03.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saxena N, Hows A, Hofmann R, Alpak FO, Dietderich J, Appel M, Freeman J, Jong HD. Rock properties from micro-CT images: Digital rock transforms for resolution, pore volume, and field of view. AdV Water Resour. 2019;134:103419. DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.103419</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saxena N, Hows A, Hofmann R, Alpak FO, Dietderich J, Appel M, Freeman J, Jong HD. Rock properties from micro-CT images: Digital rock transforms for resolution, pore volume, and field of view. AdV Water Resour. 2019;134:103419. DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2019.103419</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gavin CT, Ali SN, Tailly T, Olvera-Posada D, Alenezi H, Power NE, Hou J, St. Amant AH, Luyt LG, Wood S, Wu C, Razvi H, Leong HS. Novel Methods of Determining Urinary Calculi Composition: Petrographic Thin Sectioning of Calculi and Nanoscale Flow Cytometry Urinalysis. Sci Rep. 2016;6:19328. DOI: 10.1038/srep19328</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavin CT, Ali SN, Tailly T, Olvera-Posada D, Alenezi H, Power NE, Hou J, St. Amant AH, Luyt LG, Wood S, Wu C, Razvi H, Leong HS. Novel Methods of Determining Urinary Calculi Composition: Petrographic Thin Sectioning of Calculi and Nanoscale Flow Cytometry Urinalysis. Sci Rep. 2016;6:19328. DOI: 10.1038/srep19328</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu H, Ren Y-L, Li X, Hu YX, Wu JP, Li B, Luo L, Tao Z, Liu X, Liang J, Zhang YY, An XY, Fang WK. Rock thin-section analysis and identification based on artificial intelligent technique. Pet Sci. 2022;19(4):1605–1621. DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2022.03.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu H, Ren Y-L, Li X, Hu YX, Wu JP, Li B, Luo L, Tao Z, Liu X, Liang J, Zhang YY, An XY, Fang WK. Rock thin-section analysis and identification based on artificial intelligent technique. Pet Sci. 2022;19(4):1605–1621. DOI: 10.1016/j.petsci.2022.03.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Canela VH, Bledsoe SB, Lingeman JE, Gerber G, Worcester EM, El-Achkar TM, Williams JC Jr. Demineralization and sectioning of human kidney stones: A molecular investigation revealing the spatial hetero-geneity of the stone matrix. Physiol Rep. 2021;9(1):e14658. DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14658</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Canela VH, Bledsoe SB, Lingeman JE, Gerber G, Worcester EM, El-Achkar TM, Williams JC Jr. Demineralization and sectioning of human kidney stones: A molecular investigation revealing the spatial hetero-geneity of the stone matrix. Physiol Rep. 2021;9(1):e14658. DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14658</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Racek M, Racek J, Hupáková I. Scanning electron microscopy in analysis of urinary stones. Scand J Clin Lab INVEST. 2019;79(3):208-217. DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1578995</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Racek M, Racek J, Hupáková I. Scanning electron microscopy in analysis of urinary stones. Scand J Clin Lab INVEST. 2019;79(3):208-217. DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1578995</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Henderickx MMEL, Stoots SJM, De Bruin DM, Wijkstra H, Freund JE, Wiseman OJ, Ploumidis A, Skolarikos A, Somani BK, Şener TE, Emiliani E, Dragos LB, Villa L, Talso M, Daudon M, Traxer O, Kronenberg P, Doizi S, Tailly T, Tefik T, Hendriks N, Beerlage HP, Baard J, Kamphuis GM. How Reliable Is Endoscopic Stone Recognition? A Comparison Between Visual Stone Identification and Formal Stone Analysis. J Endourol. 2022;36(10):1362-1370. DOI: 10.1089/end.2022.0217</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Henderickx MMEL, Stoots SJM, De Bruin DM, Wijkstra H, Freund JE, Wiseman OJ, Ploumidis A, Skolarikos A, Somani BK, Şener TE, Emiliani E, Dragos LB, Villa L, Talso M, Daudon M, Traxer O, Kronenberg P, Doizi S, Tailly T, Tefik T, Hendriks N, Beerlage HP, Baard J, Kamphuis GM. How Reliable Is Endoscopic Stone Recognition? A Comparison Between Visual Stone Identification and Formal Stone Analysis. J Endourol. 2022;36(10):1362-1370. DOI: 10.1089/end.2022.0217</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lopez F, Varelo A, Hinojosa O, Mendez M, Trinh DH, ElBeze Y, Hubert J, Estrade V, Gonzalez M, Ochoa G, Daul C. Assessing deep learning methods for the identification of kidney stones in endoscopic images. In: 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC), Mexico. 2021:2778-2781. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC46164.2021.9630211</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lopez F, Varelo A, Hinojosa O, Mendez M, Trinh DH, ElBeze Y, Hubert J, Estrade V, Gonzalez M, Ochoa G, Daul C. Assessing deep learning methods for the identification of kidney stones in endoscopic images. In: 43rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine &amp; Biology Society (EMBC), Mexico. 2021:2778-2781. DOI: 10.1109/EMBC46164.2021.9630211</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Estrade V, Senneville BD de, Facq L, Daudon M. Endoscopic in-situ recognition of urinary stones during LASER-induced stone fragmentation: a modern, effective and essential approach in the diagnostic process in urolithiasis. Comptes Rendus Chim. 2022;25(1):407–416. DOI: 10.5802/crchim.162</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Estrade V, Senneville BD de, Facq L, Daudon M. Endoscopic in-situ recognition of urinary stones during LASER-induced stone fragmentation: a modern, effective and essential approach in the diagnostic process in urolithiasis. Comptes Rendus Chim. 2022;25(1):407–416. DOI: 10.5802/crchim.162</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Coninck V, Skolarikos A, Juliebø-Jones P, Joris M, Traxer O, Keller EX. Advancements in stone classification: unveiling the beauty of urolithiasis. World J Urol. 2024;42(1):46. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04746-9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Coninck V, Skolarikos A, Juliebø-Jones P, Joris M, Traxer O, Keller EX. Advancements in stone classification: unveiling the beauty of urolithiasis. World J Urol. 2024;42(1):46. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-023-04746-9</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y, Zhao Y, Therneau TM, Atkinson EJ, Tafti AP, Zhang N, Amin S, Limper AH, Khosla S, Liu H. Unsupervised machine learning for the discovery of latent disease clusters and patient subgroups using electronic health records. J Biomed Inform. 2020;102:103364. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103364</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y, Zhao Y, Therneau TM, Atkinson EJ, Tafti AP, Zhang N, Amin S, Limper AH, Khosla S, Liu H. Unsupervised machine learning for the discovery of latent disease clusters and patient subgroups using electronic health records. J Biomed Inform. 2020;102:103364. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2019.103364</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
