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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2024-12-1-45-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-829</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выбор оптимального кишечного трансплантата при реконструкции протяжённой стриктуры мочеточника в эксперименте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Optimal intestinal graft selection for reconstruction of extended ureteral stricture: an animal model study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3764-6131</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Котов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владиславович Котов — д-р мед. наук, профессор; заведующий кафедрой урологии и андрологии; врач-уролог урологического отделения; руководитель Университетской клиникой урологии, онкоурологии и андрологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Kotov — M.D., Dr.Sc. (Med), Full Prof.; Head, Dept. of Urology and Andrology; Urologist, Urology Division,; Head</p><p>Moscow</p><p>   </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">urokotov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2944-2668</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуспанов</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guspanov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ренат Иватуллаевич Гуспанов — канд. мед. наук; доцент кафедры урологии и андрологии; врач-уролог урологического отделения; врач-онколог 4-го онкологического отделения (онкоурологии)</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Renat I. Guspanov — M.D., Cand.Sc.(Med); Assoc.Prof., Dept. of Urology and Andrology; Urologist, Urology Division, Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No.1; Oncologist</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uroguspanov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8202-3844</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсуфов</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusufov</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анвар Гаджиевич Юсуфов — канд. мед. наук; доцент кафедры урологии и андрологии; заведующий урологическим отделением</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anvar G. Yusufov — M.D., Cand.Sc.(Med); Assoc.Prof., Dept. of Urology and Andrology; Head, Urology Division</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anvar.yusufov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5959-790X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Владимировна Гаина — аспирантка кафедры урологии и андрологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Gaina — M.D.; Postgrad. Student, Dept. of Urology and Andrology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oksana.urologia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6460-4507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Апросимов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aprosimov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Леонидович Апросимов — студент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander L. Aprosimov — Student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sashaapr4@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8388-4712</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Владимирович Лапин — студент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Lapin — Student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lapar98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6371-1404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зобнин</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zobnin</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Максимович Зобнин — студент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Maksimovich Zobnin — Student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m-zob@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5190-5491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ларионова</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Larionova</surname><given-names>N.  O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Олеговна Ларионова — студентка</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia O. Larionova — Student</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yatozhehochy@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-423X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трыкина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trykina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Валерьевна Трыкина — заведующая патологоанатомического отделения</p><p>Зеленоград, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda V. Trykina — M.D.; Head, Pathology Division</p><p>Zelenograd, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.tryckina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2743-1532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лускатова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luskatova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Юрьевна Лускатова — врач-патологоанатом патологоанатомического отделения</p><p>Зеленоград, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana Yu. Luskatova — M.D.; Pathologist, Pathology Division</p><p>Zelenograd, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">otogen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0473-0156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Владимировна Богданова — врач-патологоанатом патологоанатомического отделения</p><p>Зеленоград, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Bogdanova — M.D.; Pathologist, Pathology Division</p><p>Zelenograd, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bodan.o.v@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова; Городская клиническая больница № 1 им. Н. И. Пирогова; Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1; Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Centre "Kommunarka"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова; Московский многопрофильный клинический центр «Коммунарка»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Centre "Kommunarka"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница им. М. П. Кончаловского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Konchalovsky City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Котов С.В., Гуспанов Р.И., Юсуфов А.Г., Гаина О.В., Апросимов А.Л., Лапин И.В., Зобнин М.М., Ларионова Н.О., Трыкина Н.В., Лускатова Т.Ю., Богданова О.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Котов С.В., Гуспанов Р.И., Юсуфов А.Г., Гаина О.В., Апросимов А.Л., Лапин И.В., Зобнин М.М., Ларионова Н.О., Трыкина Н.В., Лускатова Т.Ю., Богданова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kotov S.V., Guspanov R.I., Yusufov A.G., Gaina O.V., Aprosimov A.L., Lapin I.V., Zobnin M.M., Larionova N.O., Trykina N.V., Luskatova T.Y., Bogdanova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/829">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/829</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В случаях, когда выполнить реконструкцию тканями мочевыделительной системы не представляется возможным, наилучшим решением является заместительная кишечная пластика. Однако несмотря на большой мировой опыт не прекращается поиск оптимальной методики кишечной реконструкции, что определяет актуальность проведения экспериментального проспективного исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить морфологические изменения в почечной паренхиме после реконструкции мочеточника участками тонкой и толстой кишки.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Пятнадцать кроликов породы «белый великан» возрастом 6 месяцев и весом 5 кг были разделены на три группы. В группе А (n = 5) выполнена тонкокишечная заместительная пластика, в группе В (n = 5) — двухлоскутная илеопластика по технике Yang-Monti, в группе С (n = 5) — толстокишечная реконструкция мочеточника. Перед операцией и до вывода из эксперимента оценивали уровень креатинина и электролитов. УЗИ почек — 2, 5, 10 сутки. Для оценки проходимости анастомозов выполняли экскреторную урографию. Животных выводили из эксперимента на 10 – 30-е сутки. Для морфологического исследования использован материал: почки с оперированной и интактной сторон, проксимальные и дистальные анастомозы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Повышение уровня креатинина, метаболических нарушений не было выявлено. По данным УЗИ гидронефроз развился у всех животных на 2-е сутки и оставался неизменным в течение всего периода наблюдения. Группа А: осложнений не было выявлено. Гистологически в почечной паренхиме определены умеренные признаки хронического воспаления, единичные фокусы лимфоидной инфильтрации, однако отсутствовали необратимые процессы в виде некроза и склероза. Группа В: осложнения — стриктура в области анастомоза детубуляризированных фрагментов и некроз тонкой кишки вследствие сдавления брыжейки сосудистой ножкой трансплантата. Гистологически отмечены выраженная дилатация канальцев на всех уровнях, расширение капсулы Боумена-Шумлянского, а также признаки умеренного воспалительного процесса, присутствует гидропическая и гиалиново-капельная дистрофии, очаги некроза канальцев. Группа С: осложнения — скопление значительного количества песка, слизи и фибрина в области колоцистоанастомоза. Гистологически в почечной паренхиме отмечены выраженный воспалительный процесс, в частности гнойное воспаление с зонами демаркации, инфильтрация полиморфноядерными лейкоцитами и бактериальными клетками, очагами некроза и склероза, как стромы, так и клубочков, расширения канальцев и капсул Боумена-Шумлянского.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование подвздошнокишечного трансплата для реконструкции протяжённого дефекта мочеточника показало приемлемые гистологические результаты на экспериментальной модели, что подтверждает целесообразность её применения в клинической практике. Отсутствие очагов некроза и фиброза в почечной паренхиме свидетельствуют о сохранности функционального потенциала, что предполагает стабилизацию почечной функции в отдалённой перспективе.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The prevalence of patients with extended ureteral strictures has been steadily increasing over the past decades. When it is not possible to perform reconstruction with the tissues of the urinary system, the best solution is intestinal replacement plasty. However, despite the great world experience, the search for the optimal method of intestinal reconstruction does not stop, which determines the relevance of conducting an experimental prospective study.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate morphological changes in renal parenchyma after ureteral replacement reconstruction by segments of small and large intestine.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. Fifteen white giant rabbits (6-months-old, weighing 5 kg) were divided into three groups. Group A (n = 5) underwent small intestine [ilealplasty] replacement plasty. Group B (n = 5) double-flap ileoplasty using the Yang-Monti technique. Group C (n = 5) – large intestine [coloplasy] ureteral reconstruction. Before the operation and before withdrawal from the experiment, the level of creatinine and electrolytes was assessed, kidney ultrasound was performed on days 2, 5, 10. Excretory urography was performed to assess the patency of the anastomoses. Animals were withdrawn from the experiment from day 10 to 30. The material used for morphological study included kidneys from the operated and intact sides, proximal and distal anastomoses.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. No increase in creatinine level, metabolic disorders were detected in animals. According to ultrasound data, hydronephrosis developed in all animals on day 2 and remained unchanged during the entire follow-up. Group A: no complications were detected. Histologically, the renal parenchyma showed moderate signs of chronic inflammation, single foci of lymphoid infiltration, but there were no irreversible processes in the form of necrosis and sclerosis. Group B: complications — stricture in the anastomosis area of the detubularised fragments and necrosis of the small intestine due to compression of the mesentery by the graft vascular stem. Histologically there were marked dilatation of the tubules at all levels, enlargement of the Bowman-Shumlansky capsule, as well as signs of moderate inflammatory process, there were hydropic and hyaline-droplet dystrophy, tubular necrosis foci. Group C: complications — accumulation of a significant amount of grit, mucus, and fibrin in the colocystoanastomosis area. Histologically, the renal parenchyma showed a marked inflammatory process, in particular, purulent inflammation with demarcation zones, infiltration with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and bacterial cells, foci of necrosis and sclerosis of both stroma and tubules, dilatation of tubules and Bowman-Schumlansky capsules.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of an unchanged ileal-graft reconstruction of an extended ureteral defect showed acceptable histological results in an animal model, which confirms the feasibility of its use in clinical practice. The absence of foci of necrosis and fibrosis in the renal parenchyma indicates the preserved functional potential, which suggests the stabilization of renal function in the long term.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>протяжённые стриктуры мочеточника</kwd><kwd>илеопластика мочеточника</kwd><kwd>подвздошнокишечная реконструкция по технике Yang-Monti</kwd><kwd>колопластика мочеточника</kwd><kwd>экспериментальное исследование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>extended ureteral strictures</kwd><kwd>ureteral ileoplasty</kwd><kwd>Yang-Monti technique</kwd><kwd>ureteral coloplasty</kwd><kwd>animal model</kwd><kwd>experimental study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhong W, Hong P, Ding G, Yang K, Li X, Bao J, Bao G, Cui L, Men C, Li Z, Zhang P, Chu N, Zhou L. 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