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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2023-11-2-28-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-717</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фармакологическая и хирургическая экспериментальные модели индукции нарушения сперматогенеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacological and surgical experimental animal models of induction of spermatogenesis disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8398-7255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епифанова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Epifanova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Майя Владимировна Епифанова — доктор медицинских наук; профессор кафедры урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии Медицинского института РУДН.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maya V. Epifanova — M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med); Prof.  of Dept. of Urology and Operative Nephrology with Oncourology Course.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epifanova_maya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0792-6012</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Александрович Костин — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, чл.–корр. РАН; первый проректор-проректор по научной работе РУДН; профессор, заведующий кафедрой урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии Медицинского института РУДН.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Kostin — M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med); Full Prof; Corresp.Member of the RAS; First Vice-Rector — Vice-Rector for Research of RUDN University; Prof. of Dept. of Urology and Operative Nephrology with Oncourology Course.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kostin@nmirc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8079-1986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малинина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malinina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Юрьевна Малинина — кандидат медицинских наук; врач урологического отделения ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 29 им. Н.Э. Баумана».</p><p>111020, Москва, Госпитальная площадь, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Malinina — Сand.Sc.(Med), M.D. in Urology dept. of City Clinical Hospital No.29 named after N.E. Bauman of Moscow Healthcare Department.</p><p>2 Hospital Sq., Moscow, 111020</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malininao@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3630-9427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артеменко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Алексеевич Артеменко — аспирант кафедры урологии и оперативной нефрологии с курсом онкоурологии Медицинского института РУДН.</p><p>117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Artemenko — M.D., Postgrad. Student of Dept. Urology and Operative Nephrology with Oncourology course.</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergey.artemenko.94@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4111-6037</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Епифанов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Epifanov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Александрович Епифанов — студент 3 курса стоматологического факультета.</p><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская д. 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander A. Epifanov — Student, 3rd study year, Faculty of Dentistry.</p><p>20 Delegatskaya St., bldg. 1, Moscow, 127473</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">epifanov-alexander@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 29 им. Н.Э. Баумана»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital No.29 named after N.E. Bauman of the Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI HE A.I. Yevdokimov MSMSU MOH Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Епифанова М.В., Костин А.А., Малинина О.Ю., Артеменко С.А., Епифанов А.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Епифанова М.В., Костин А.А., Малинина О.Ю., Артеменко С.А., Епифанов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Epifanova M.V., Kostin A.A., Malinina O.Y., Artemenko S.A., Epifanov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/717">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/717</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Экспериментальная индукция нарушения сперматогенеза преимущественно возможна физическими, фармакологическими методами. Однако не все методы способны вызывать необструктивную азооспермию.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить и сравнить эффективность индукции нарушения сперматогенеза на моделях крыс путём наложения лигатур на семенные канатики и введения цисплатина.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. 73 половозрелые особи самцов крыс стока Wistar были разделены на две исследуемые и одну контрольную (n = 9) группы: группа 1 (n = 27) с наложением лигатуры на семенной канатик на 12 (n = 9), 24 (n = 9), 36 часах (n = 9); группа 2 (n = 37) с пятикратным внутрибрюшинным введением цисплатина в концентрациях 5 мг/кг, 3 мг/кг, 1 мг/кг. Для оценки эффективности моделей на 0-й, 7-й, 14-й, 28-й дни после последнего дня индукции нарушения сперматогенеза выполняли исследование эпидидимальной спермы, клинического анализа крови, уровня общего тестостерона крови, патоморфологическое исследование ткани семенников, массы тела, массы органов репродуктивной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Наложения лигатур на семенные канатики не оказывали отрицательного влияния на общее состояние животных (р &lt; 0,05), клинический анализ крови (р &lt; 0,05); отмечено уменьшении массы семенников (р &lt; 0,05), придатка семенника (р &lt; 0,05), простаты (р &lt; 0,05), масса семенных пузырьков не изменилась (р &gt; 0,05). В группе 1 количество эпидермальных сперматозоидов снизилось во всех подгруппах, статистически значимые изменения зафиксированы на 7 (экспозиция 24 часа) и 28 (экспозиция 12, 36 часов) дни исследования. Гистологически не отмечено значимого угнетения сперматогенеза, кроме уменьшения площади, диаметра семенных канальцев на 7, 28 дни после операции (экспозиция 24, 36 часов). В группе 2 дожитие животных отмечалось лишь при использовании цисплатина в дозе 1 мг/кг пятикратно. Масса тела снизилась у всех крыс без восстановления, зафиксированные через 1 неделю тромбоцитопения, лейкоцитопения регрессировали ко 2-й недели исследования. Отмечено снижение массы всех репродуктивных органов. Концентрация сперматозоидов снизилась к 1-й неделе и восстановилась к 28-й неделе. При анализе биоптатов семенников: выраженная дезорганизация сперматогенного эпителия, уменьшение абсолютной площади и диаметра семенных канальцев.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наложение лигатуры на семенной канатик не вызывает стойкого угнетения сперматогенеза. Цисплатин в дозе 1 мг/кг вызывает выраженное, стойкое повреждение сперматогенного эпителия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Experimental induction of spermatogenesis disorders is possible mainly by physical, pharmacological methods. However, not all methods can cause non-obstructive azoospermia.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of induction of spermatogenesis disorders in rat models by applying ligatures to the spermatic cords and administration of cisplatin.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. Seventy-three mature male rats (Wistar) were divided into 2 experimental groups and 1 control (n = 9) group: group 1 (n = 27) with ligature on the spermatic cord for 12 h (n = 9), 24 h (n = 9), 36 h (n = 9); group 2 (n = 37) with five-fold intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin at concentrations of 5 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg. On days 0, 7, 14, 28 after the last day of induction of spermatogenesis disorders, epididymal semen analysis, blood test, total serum testosterone, pathomorphological examination of testes tissue, body weight, reproductive system organ weight were performed to assess model performance.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Ligation to the spermatic cords did not have a negative effect on the general condition of the animals (p &lt; 0.05), blood test (p &lt; 0.05); there was a decrease in the testicular weight (p &lt; 0.05), the appendage of the testis (p &lt; 0.05), prostate (p &lt; 0.05), the weight of the seminal vesicles did not change (p &gt; 0.05). In group 1, the number of epidermal spermatozoa decreased in all subgroups, statistically significant changes were recorded at 7 (exposure 24 h) and 28 (exposure 12, 36 h) days of research. Histologically, there was no significant inhibition of spermatogenesis, except for a decrease in the area, diameter of the seminal tubules on 7, 28 days after surgery (exposure 24, 36 h). In group 2, the survival of animals was noted only when using cisplatin at a dose of 1 mg/kg five times. Body weight decreased in all rats without recovery, thrombocytopenia recorded after 1 wk, leukocytopenia regressed by 2 wk of the study. A decrease in the weight of all reproductive organs was noted. Sperm concentration decreased at 1 wk and recovered at 28 wk. In the analysis of testicular biopsies: pronounced disorganization of the spermatogenic epithelium, a decrease in the absolute area and diameter of the seminal tubules.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Ligation to the spermatic cord does not cause permanent inhibition of spermatogenesis. Cisplatin at a dose of 1 mg/kg causes persistent severe damage to the spermatogenic epithelium.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мужское бесплодие</kwd><kwd>патоспермия</kwd><kwd>азооспермия</kwd><kwd>цисплатин</kwd><kwd>крысы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>male infertility</kwd><kwd>sperm disorders</kwd><kwd>azoospermia</kwd><kwd>cisplatin</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was not sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">EAU Guidelines. Edn. presented at the EAU Annual Congress Amsterdam 2022. ISBN 978-94-92671-16-5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">EAU Guidelines. Edn. presented at the EAU Annual Congress Amsterdam 2022. 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