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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2023-11-1-143-149</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-679</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика перекрута яичка с использованием шкалы TWIST (Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostics of testicular torsion using the TWIST scale (Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-2297</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саблин</surname><given-names>Д. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sablin</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Евгеньевич Саблин — детский уролог- андролог хирургического отделения,</p><p>г. Архангельск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy E. Sablin — M.D.; Pediatric Urologist, Pediatric Surgery Division,</p><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sablinde@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9145-8671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сизонов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sizonov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Валентинович Сизонов — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; профессор кафедры урологии и репродуктивного здоровья человека (с курсомдетской урологии-андрологии);</p><p>заведующий детским уроандрологическим отделением,</p><p>г. Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Sizonov — M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.; Prof., Dept. of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Reproductive Health;</p><p>Head, Pediatric Urology and Andrology Division,</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsizonov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3957-1615</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каганцов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kagantsov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Маркович Каганцов — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; руководитель НИЛ хирургии врождённой и наследственной патологии института перинатологии и педиатрии;</p><p>профессор кафедры детской хирургии,</p><p>г. Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya M. Kagantsov — M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med); Full Prof., Head, Research Laboratory for Surgery of Congenital and Hereditary Pathology;</p><p>Prof., Dept. of Pediatric Surgery,</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilkagan@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2350-8280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарелина</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garelina</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полина Александровна Гарелина — ординатор кафедры детской хирургии,</p><p>г. Архангельск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina A. Garelina — Resident, Dept. of Pediatric Surgery,</p><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">garelina.polina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6287-4622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хавроха</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Havroha</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Сергеевна Хавроха — врач ультразвуковой диагностики,</p><p>г. Архангельск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Havroha — M.D.; Ultrasound Doctor,</p><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olg-kostycheva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Архангельская областная детская клиническая больница имени П.Г. Выжлецова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vyzhletsov Arkhangelsk Regional Children's Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет;&#13;
Областная детская клиническая больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University;&#13;
Rostov-on-Don Regional Children's Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова; &#13;
Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre; &#13;
Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Northern State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>143</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саблин Д.Е., Сизонов В.В., Каганцов И.М., Гарелина П.А., Хавроха О.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саблин Д.Е., Сизонов В.В., Каганцов И.М., Гарелина П.А., Хавроха О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sablin D.E., Sizonov V.V., Kagantsov I.M., Garelina P.A., Havroha O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/679">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/679</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Перекрут яичка (ПЯ) является наиболее распространённой детской урологической экстренной патологией. Для сокращения продолжительности диагностического этапа были предложены системы оценки рисков перекрута яичка на основании данных анамнеза и клинических симптомов. J. A. Barbosa et al. в 2013 году разработали систему TWIST (обследование яичек при ишемии и подозрении на перекрут), которая получила широкое распространение в мире. Данная система позволяет выделить группы пациентов, которым не требуется проведение УЗИ мошонки, что позволяет сократить количество этапов при диагностике ПЯ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить опыт применения и диагностическую значимость шкалы TWIST на основе данных научных публикаций.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обзор и анализ литературных данных по использованию шкалы TWIST.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Мы провели анализ 13 статей, в которых опубликованы результаты применения TWIST со статистическим анализом. Во всех статьях окончательный диагноз устанавливался по данным допплеровского УЗИ мошонки или интраоперационно. Анализ публикаций показывает, что даже в крупных зарубежных медицинских центрах существует проблема проведения экстренного УЗИ мошонки, что повышает время тестикулярной ишемии при перекруте яичка. Для использования шкалы TWIST нужны только данные физического осмотра и анамнеза заболевания. Использовать шкалу в своей практике может любой специалист. Низкая вероятность наличия перекрута яичка в группе низкого риска позволяет не выполнять рутинно ревизию мошонки, а следовательно, экономятся материальные и человеческие ресурсы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Анализ литературы показал, что использование оригинальной шкалы TWIST, предложенной J. A. Barbosa, при подозрении на перекрут яичка имеет достаточную диагностическую точность, высокую чувствительность и специфичность выявления его перекрута, что значительно снижает необходимость проведения УЗИ, позволяет сократить время диагностики до операции, что повышает выживаемость яичек. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Testicular torsion (TT) is the most common pediatric emergency urological pathology. To reduce the duration of the diagnostic stage, systems for assessing the risks of testicular torsion based on anamnesis and clinical symptoms were proposed. In 2013, Barbosa et al. proposed the TWIST system (testicular examination for ischemia and suspected torsion), which became the most well-known and widespread. This system makes it possible to identify groups of patients who do not require scrotal ultrasound, which reduces the number of stages in the diagnosis of TT.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the experience of using and diagnostic significance of the TWIST scale based on available data in scientific publications.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. Review and analysis of literature data on the use of the TWIST scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We conducted an analysis of 13 publications, in which the results of using TWIST with statistical analysis were published. In all articles, the final diagnosis was established according to Doppler scrotal ultrasound or intraoperatively. Analysis of publications shows that even in large foreign medical centers there is a problem of emergency scrotal ultrasound, which increases the time of testicular ischemia with ТТ. To use the TWIST scale, only history and physical examination data are needed. Any specialist can use the scale in his practise. The low probability of TT in the low-risk group makes it possible not to perform routine scrotal revision, and, consequently, material and human resources are saved.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Literature analysis has shown that the use of the original TWIST scale proposed by J.A. Barbosa, in case of suspected testicular torsion, has sufficient diagnostic accuracy, high sensitivity and specificity of TT detection, which significantly reduces the need for ultrasound, reduces the diagnostic time before surgery, that increases testicular survival. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шкала TWIST</kwd><kwd>острые заболевания органов мошонки</kwd><kwd>перекрут яичка</kwd><kwd>тестикулярная ишемия</kwd><kwd>неотложная урология</kwd><kwd>деторсия яичка</kwd><kwd>орхиэктомия</kwd><kwd>обследование яичек на предмет ишемии и подозрении на перекрут</kwd><kwd>модификация шкалы TWIST</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>child</kwd><kwd>TWIST scale</kwd><kwd>modification</kwd><kwd>acute scrotum</kwd><kwd>testicular torsion</kwd><kwd>spermatic cord torsion</kwd><kwd>testicular ischemia</kwd><kwd>emergency</kwd><kwd>orchiectomy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao LC, Lautz TB, Meeks JJ, Maizels M. 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