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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2022-10-3-65-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-582</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение прогностических факторов, влияющих на выживаемость пациентов с метахронными и синхронными метастазами почечно-клеточного рака</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparison of prognostic factors that affect the survival of patients with metachronous and synchronous metastases of renal cell carcinoma</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-8446</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Семенов — кандидат медицинских наук; врач отделения онкоурологии</p><p>198255, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр. Ветеранов, д. 56</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Semenov — M.D., Сand.Sc.(Med), Oncological Urologist</p><p>56 Veteranov Ave., St. Petersburg, 198255, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sema.69@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-5517</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рашида Вахидовна Орлова — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; заведующая кафедрой онкологии медицинского факультета; главный специалист по клинической онкологии</p><p>198255, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, пр. Ветеранов, д. 56</p><p>199034, Россия, г Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7 – 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rashida V. Orlova — M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.; Head, Dept. of Oncology; Chief Specialist in Clinical Oncology</p><p>56 Veteranov Ave., St. Petersburg, 198255, Russian Federation</p><p>7/9 Universitetskaya Qy., St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orlova_rashida@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4109-6451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкорад</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokorad</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Иванович Широкорад — доктор медицинских наук; заведующий онкоурологическим отделением</p><p>143423, Россия, Московская область, Красногорский район, пос. Истра, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy I. Shirokorad — M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med); Head, OncologicalUrology Division</p><p>27 sett. Istra, Moscow region, 143423, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shirokorad@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4494-1489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кострицкий</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostritsky</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Станислав Викторович Кострицкий — врач онкоурологического отделения</p><p>143423, Россия, Московская область, Красногорский район, пос. Истра, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav V. Kostritsky — M.D., Urologist, Oncological Urology Division</p><p>27 sett. Istra, Moscow region, 143423, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sstas.medic@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-1216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoriev</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Степан Григорьевич Григорьев — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; старший научный сотрудник НИО медицинских информационных технологий НИЦ</p><p>194044, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 6, лит. Ж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stepan G. Grigoriev — M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.; Senior Researcher, Research Institute of Medical Information Technologies</p><p>6 lit.Zh Akademika Lebedeva St., St. Petersburg, 194044, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gsg_rj@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-904X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнева</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korneva</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Сергеевна Корнева — кандидат медицинских наук; доцент кафедры патологической анатомии; доцент кафедры патологической анатомии; врач патологоанатомического отделения</p><p>196247, Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Костюшко, д. 2</p><p>214018, Россия, г. Смоленск, ул. Крупской, д. 28</p><p>191015, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д.41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia S. Korneva — M.D., Сand.Sc.(Med); Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Pathology; Assoc.Prof., Dept. of Pathology; Pathologist, Pathology Division</p><p>2 Kostushko St., St. Petersburg, 196247, Russian Federation</p><p>28 Krupskaya St., Smolensk, 214018, Russian Federation</p><p>41 Kirochnaya St., St. Petersburg, 191015, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksu1546@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg City Clinical Oncological Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер»; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg City Clinical Oncological Dispensary; St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Московская городская онкологическая больница №62 Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City Oncological Hospital No. 62 — the Healthcare Department of Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>СПб ГБУЗ «Городская больница № 26»; ФГБОУ ВО «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg City Hospital No. 26; Smolensk State Medical University; Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенов Д.В., Орлова Р.В., Широкорад В.И., Кострицкий С.В., Григорьев С.Г., Корнева Ю.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенов Д.В., Орлова Р.В., Широкорад В.И., Кострицкий С.В., Григорьев С.Г., Корнева Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenov D.V., Orlova R.V., Shirokorad V.I., Kostritsky S.V., Grigoriev S.G., Korneva Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/582">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/582</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. У пациентов с метастатическим почечноклеточным раком (мПКР) остаются неясными различия в выживаемости без прогрессирования (ВБП) и общей выживаемости (ОВ) в зависимости от линии системной терапии, сроков появления метастазов и прогностических групп по Heng, что требует поиска новых прогностических факторов или их комбинаций в зависимости от особенностей самой метастатической болезни.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Выявить прогностические факторы, влияющие на показатели выживаемости у больных с синхронными и метахронными метастазами ПКР.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён ретроспективный анализ 934 пациентов с мПКР, получавших лечение в период с 2006 по 2020 год, из которых 319 (34,2%) больных были отнесены к группе промежуточного прогноза, а 388 (41,5%) — к группе неблагоприятного прогноза. Синхронные метастазы (СМ) выявлены у 380 (40,7%) больных, а метахронные метастазы (ММ) — у 554 (59,3%). В исследовании изучены клинико-морфологические характеристики опухоли и лабораторные показатели. Статистический анализ проводили с использованием пакетов программного обеспечения Statistica 10.0 («StatSoft Inc.», Tulsa, OK, USA) посредством построения кривых Kaplan-Meyer и таблиц дожития, построения математической модели дожития.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. 3-летняя и 5-летняя ОВ пациентов с СМ и ММ составила 40,3% и 82,5%, 18,8% и 64,3% соответственно. Медиана ОВ при СМ — 25 месяцев, при ММ — 88 месяцев (p &lt; 0,001). 3-летняя и 5-летняя ВБП пациентов с ММ составила 60,5% и 55,7% соответственно. У больных с СМ медиана ВБП равнялась 9 месяцам, у больных с ММ — 60 месяцам (p &lt; 0,001). Анемия и повышенный уровень СОЭ чаще наблюдались у пациентов с СМ, а у пациентов с ММ чаще наблюдались нормальное количество тромбоцитов и щелочной фосфатазы. Пациенты с СМ чаще имели неблагоприятный прогноз по Heng и статус по ECOG, более высокую стадию T, низкую степень дифференцировки опухоли, гистологически — несветлоклеточные варианты карциномы, наличие лимфогенных метастазов и большее количество органов с метастатическим поражением (р &lt; 0,001). В одно- и многофакторном анализах анемия и неблагоприятный прогноз по Heng были единственными статистически значимыми прогностическими факторами в отношении ОВ больных с СМ и ММ. Кроме того в однофакторном анализе повышение СОЭ, тромбоцитов и щелочной фосфатазы являлись статистически значимыми неблагоприятными прогностическими факторами ОВ пациентов с СМ (р &lt; 0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследование новых факторов прогноза и их комбинаций с акцентом на особенности самой метастатической болезни позволят улучшить предикативность исходов и оптимизировать результаты системной терапии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) depending on the line of systemic therapy, the timing of the onset of metastases, and Heng prognostic groups in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remain unclear. This leads to the search for new prognostic factors or their combinations, depending on the characteristics of the metastatic disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To identify prognostic factors affecting survival rates in patients with synchronous and metachronous renal cell carcinoma metastases.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 934 patients with mPCC treated in the period 2006 to 2020 was performed, of which 319 (34.2%) patients were assigned to the intermediate prognosis group, and 388 (41.5%) to the unfavorable prognosis group. Synchronous metastases (Smts) and metachronous metastases (Mmts) were detected in 380 (40.7%) and 554 (59.3%) patients, respectively. The clinical and morphological characteristics of the tumor were analyzed, as well as laboratory parameters. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistica 10.0 software («StatSoft Inc.», Tulsa, OK, USA ) by constructing Kaplan-Meyer curves and survival tables, building a mathematical survival model.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The 3-year and 5-year OS of Smts-patients and Mmts-patients were 40.3% and 82.5%, 18.8% and 64.3% respectively. The median OS was 25 and 88 months, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). The 3-year and 5-year PFS rates in Mmts-patients were 60.5% and 55.7%, respectively. In Smts-patients, PFS was only 9 months, compared with a median PFS of 60 months in Mmts-patients (p &lt; 0.001). Anemia and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate were observed more frequently in Smts-patients. Mmts-patients were more likely to have normal platelet and alkaline phosphatase counts. Smts-patients more often had an unfavorable prognosis according to Heng and ECOG status, a higher T stage, a low tumor differentiation, and histologically, non-clear cell carcinoma variants, the presence of lymphogenous metastases, and an increased number of organs with metastatic lesions (p &lt; 0.001). In univariate and multivariate analyses, OS in Smts- and Mmts-patients, anemia, and poor Heng prognosis were the only statistically significant prognostic factors. In a univariate analysis of OS of Smts-patients, increases in elevated erythrocyte sedimentation platelets, and alkaline phosphatase were significant adverse prognostic factors (p &lt; 0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Research into new prognostic factors and their combinations, focusing on the specifics of the metastatic disease itself, will improve prediction outcomes and optimize systemic treatment outcomes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почечноклеточный рак</kwd><kwd>метастазы</kwd><kwd>синхронные</kwd><kwd>метахронные</kwd><kwd>системная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renal cell carcinoma</kwd><kwd>metastases</kwd><kwd>synchronous</kwd><kwd>metachronous</kwd><kwd>systemic therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Donskov F, Xie W, Overby A, Wells JC, Fraccon AP, Sacco CS, Porta C, Stukalin I, Lee JL, Koutsoukos K, Yuasa T, Davis ID, Pezaro C, Kanesvaran R, Bjarnason GA, Sim HW, Rathi N, Kollmannsberger CK, Canil CM, Choueiri TK, Heng DYC. 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