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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-30-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-501</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Липидомный профиль семенной плазмы при необструктивной азооспермии с остановкой созревания сперматозоидов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lipidomic profile of seminal plasma in non-obstructive azoospermia with sperm maturation arrest</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9128-2714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамидов</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamidov</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гамидов Сафар Исраилович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; руководитель отделения андрологии и урологии НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России; профессор кафедры акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологи Института последипломного образования Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет).</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4; 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Safar I. Gamidov — M. D., Dr.Sc. (Med), Full Prof.; Head, Andrology and Urology Division, Kulakov National Medical Researcl Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology; Prof., Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecolog, y and Perinatology, Institute of Postgraduate Education, Seclenov First Moscow State Medical University (Seclenov University).</p><p>117997, Moscow, 4 Oparina St.; 119991, Moscow, 8 Trubetskaya St. bldg. 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">safargamidov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3902-9236</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатылко</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatylko</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шатылко Тарас Валерьевич — кандидат медицинских наук; врач-уролог отделения андрологии и урологии НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taras V. Shatylko — M. D., Cand.Sc. (Med); Urologist, An-drology and Urology Division, Kulakov National Medical Researcl Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology.</p><p>117997, Moscow, 4 Oparina St.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dialectic.law@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8151-0077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тамбиев</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tambiev</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тамбиев Алихан Халитович — аспирант кафедры акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологи Института последипломного образования Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет).</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alikhan Kh. Tambiev — M. D.; Postgraduate Student. Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology, and Reproductology, Institute of Postgraduate Education, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>119991, Moscow, 8 Trubetskaya St. bldg. 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.tambiev@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5918-9045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токарева</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokareva</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Токарева Алиса Олеговна — сотрудник лаборатории протеомики и метаболомики репродукции человека НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa O. Tokareva — Researcher, Proteomics and Metabo-lomics Laboratory of Human Reproduction, Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology.</p><p>117997, Moscow, 4 Oparina St.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alisa.tokareva@phystech.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5120-376X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чаговец</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chagovets</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чаговец Виталий Викторович — кандидат физико-математических наук; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории протеомики и метаболомики репродукции человека НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaliy V. Chagovets — Cand.Sc. (Phys-Math); Senior Researcher, Proteomics and Metabolomics Laboratory of Human Reproduction, Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology.</p><p>117997, Moscow, 4 Oparina St.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvchagovets@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-6338</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бицоев</surname><given-names>Т. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bitsoev</surname><given-names>T. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бицоев Тимур Борисович — аспирант кафедры акушерства, гинекологии, перинатологии и репродуктологи Института последипломного образования Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет).</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timur B. Bitsoev — M. D.; Postgraduate Student. Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Perinatology, and Reproductology, Institute of Postgraduate Education, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University).</p><p>119991, Moscow, 8 Trubetskaya St. bldg. 2.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">6646362@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6650-5915</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародубцева</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodubtseva</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стародубцева Наталья Леонидовна — кандидат биологических наук; заведующая лабораторией протеомики и метаболомики репродукции человека НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia L. Starodubtseva — Cand.Sc. (Biol); Head, Proteomics, and Metabolomics Laboratory of Human Reproduction, Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology.</p><p>117997, Moscow, 4 Oparina St.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_starodubtseva@oparina4.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-5602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Алина Юрьевна — кандидат медицинских наук; старший научный сотрудник отделения андрологии и урологии НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina Yu. Popova — M. D., Cand.Sc. (Med); Senior Researcher, Andrology and Urology Division, Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology.</p><p>117997, Moscow, 4 Oparina St.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alina-dock@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9780-4579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Франкевич</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Frankevich</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Франкевич Владимир Евгеньевич — кандидат физико-математических наук; заведующий отделом системной биологии в репродукции НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Академика Опарина, д. 4.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir E. Frankevich — Cand.Sc. (Phys-Math); Head, Division of System Biology in Reproduction, Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology.</p><p>117997, Moscow, 4 Oparina St.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v_frankevich@oparina4.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии имени академика В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гамидов С.И., Шатылко Т.В., Тамбиев А.Х., Токарева А.О., Чаговец В.В., Бицоев Т.Б., Стародубцева Н.Л., Попова А.Ю., Франкевич В.Е., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гамидов С.И., Шатылко Т.В., Тамбиев А.Х., Токарева А.О., Чаговец В.В., Бицоев Т.Б., Стародубцева Н.Л., Попова А.Ю., Франкевич В.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gamidov S.I., Shatylko T.V., Tambiev A.K., Tokareva A.O., Chagovets V.V., Bitsoev T.B., Starodubtseva N.L., Popova A.Y., Frankevich V.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/501">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/501</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Различие между обструктивной азооспермией и необструктивной азооспермией с остановкой созревания сперматозоидов имеет важное значение для выбора тактики лечения и адекватного консультирования супружеской пары.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценка липидомного профиля эякулята у пациентов с остановкой созревания сперматозоидов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследованы образцы семенной плазмы на липидомный состав 24 мужчин с нормозооспер-мией и 64 мужчин с азооспермией, последним была проведена микродиссекционная биопсия яичка с последующим гистологическим исследованием. Из эякулята выделены липиды методом экстракции Фолча. Данные липидомного анализа были сопоставлены с результатами патоморфологического исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При сравнении группы с остановкой созревания сперматозоидов и группы контроля были выбраны как статистически значимые 22 липида в режиме положительных ионов и 11 липидов в режиме отрицательных ионов. Липиды преимущественно относятся к классам (гексозил) церамидов, сфингомиелинов и фосфотидил-холинов — простых эфиров и окисленных липидов. При многофакторном анализе статистически значимыми предикторами остановки созревания сперматозоидов оказались содержание следующих липидов: PC 16:0_22:6 (β-коэффициент: -0,73; 95% доверительный интервал (ДИ): от -1,42 до -0,27; отношение шансов (ОШ): 0,48; доверительный интервал отношения шансов (ДИ ОШ): от 0,24 до 0,76; критерий Вальда: -2,58; p = 0,01); SM d20:1/22:2 (β-коэффициент: 4,96; 95% ДИ: от 2,29 до 9,13; ОШ: 142,31; ДИ ОШ: от 9,90 - 9,22^103; критерий Вальда: 2,93; p = 0,003); PG 20:3_22:6 (β-коэффициент: 2,52; 95% ДИ: от 1,13 до 4,49; ОШ: 12,37; ДИ ОШ: от 3,10 до 89,27; критерий Вальда: 3,02; p = 0,002); PC O- 16:1/16:0 (β-коэффициент: -1,96; 95% ДИ: от -4,12 до 0,27; ОШ: 0,14; ДИ ОШ: от 0,02 до 0,76; критерий Вальда: -2,05; p = 0,04). Характеристика модели для диагностики остановки созревания сперматозоидов, полученная в ходе кросс-валидации в режиме положительных ионов: чувствительность — 91%, специфичность — 85%; в режиме отрицательных ионов: чувствительность — 75%; специфичность — 81%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Несмотря на то, что и у фертильных мужчин, и у мужчин с гомогенной остановкой созревания сперматозоидов в равной мере сохранены ранние этапы сперматогенеза, эякулят у исследуемой группы пациентов отличается по своему липидному профилю. Пациенты с необструктивной азооспермией, в частности на фоне остановки мейоза, могут иметь уникальные липидомные характеристики семенной плазмы, которые в будущем возможно позволят дифференцировать различные варианты тяжёлого мужского бесплодия с помощью неинвазивных методов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The difference between obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia with sperm maturation arrest is important for the choice of treatment tactics and adequate counseling of a married couple.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. The study aimed to assess the semen lipid profile in patients with sperm maturation arrest. Materials and methods. Samples of seminal plasma for lipid composition of 24 men with normozoospermia and 64 men with azoospermia were studied. Patients with azoospermia underwent microdissection testicular biopsy followed by the detection of testicular tissue pathology. Lipid extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Lipid data were compared with the results of pathomorphological studies.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Comparison of two groups revealed a statistically significant concentration differences for 22 lipids detected in positive-ion mode and 11 lipids detected in negative-ion mode. Those lipids mainly belong to the classes hexosylceramides, sphingomyelins and phosphatidylcholines — simple ethers and oxidized lipids. In multivariate analysis, the following lipids were found to be statistically significant predictors of sperm maturation arrest: PC 16: 0_22: 6 lipid (β-coefficient: -0.73; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -1.42 to -0.27; odds ratio (OR): 0.48; OR CI: 0.24 to 0.76; Wald's test: -2.58; p = 0.01), SM d20: 1/22:2 lipid (β-coefficient 4.96; 95% CI 2.29 to 9.13; OR: 142.31; OR CI: 9.90 to 9.22^103; Wald's test: 2.93; p = 0.003); PG 20:3_22: 6 lipid (β-coefficient 2.52; 95% CI 1.13 to 4.49; OR: 12.37; OR CI: 3.10 to 89.27; Wald's test: 3.02; p = 0.002); PC O- 16: 1/16:0 lipid (β-coefficient 1.96; 95% CI -4.12 to 0.27; OR: 0.14; OR CI: 0.02 to 0.76; Wald's test: -2.05; p = 0.04). The prediction model characteristics of sperm maturation arrest, obtained during cross-validation in the positiveion mode composed: sensitivity 91%, specificity 85%; in negative-ion mode: sensitivity 75%; specificity 81%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Even though early stages of spermatogenesis are equally preserved in both fertile men and men with homogeneous sperm maturation arrest, the semen in the studied group of patients differed in its lipid profile. Patients with non-obstructive azoospermia, associated with meiosis arrest, may have unique lipidomic characteristics of seminal plasma, which in the future will make it possible to differentiate various variants of severe male infertility using non-invasive methods.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>азооспермия</kwd><kwd>остановка созревания сперматоизоидов</kwd><kwd>липидом эякулята</kwd><kwd>семенная плазма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>azoospermia</kwd><kwd>sperm maturation arrest</kwd><kwd>semen lipidomics</kwd><kwd>seminal plasma</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ и ГФЕН в рамках научного проекта № 19-515-55021 Китай_а.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the framework of a scientific project № 19-515-55021 China.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jarow JP, Espeland MA, Lipshultz LI. 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