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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-92-106</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-477</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неантибактериальные методы профилактики и лечения рецидивирующих инфекций нижних мочевых путей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Non-antibacterial methods for the prevention and treatment of recurrent lower urinary tract infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5189-4639</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубин</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubin</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Дмитриевич Кубин – д.м.н.; врач-уролог клиники высоких медицинских технологий им. Н. И. Пирогова</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita D. Kubin – M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med); Urologist, Pirogov Clinic of Advanced Medical Technologies</p><p>199034, St. Petersburg, 7-9 Universitetskaya qy.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitakubin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-0833</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Владимировна Волкова – клинический ординатор клиники высоких медицинских технологий им. Н. И. Пирогова</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p><p>тел.: +7 (981) 150-47-88</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Vladimirovna Volkova – M.D., Resident; Pirogov Clinic of Advanced Medical Technologies</p><p>199034, St. Petersburg, 7-9 Universitetskaya qy.</p><p>tel.: +7 (981) 150-47-88</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bolyvolk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-3451</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкарупа</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkarupa</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Дмитриевич Шкарупа – д.м.н.; руководитель центра урогинекологии и нейроурологии, заместитель директора по организации медицинской помощи клиники высоких медицинских технологий им. Н. И. Пирогова</p><p>199034, г. Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry D. Shkarupa – M.D., Dr.Sc.(Med); Head, Urogynaecology and Neurourology Centre; Deputy CEO, Pirogov Clinic of Advanced Medical Technologies</p><p>199034, St. Petersburg, 7-9 Universitetskaya qy.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shkarupa.dmitry@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University – Pirogov Clinic of Advanced Medical Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>106</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кубин Н.Д., Волкова О.В., Шкарупа Д.Д., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кубин Н.Д., Волкова О.В., Шкарупа Д.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kubin N.D., Volkova O.V., Shkarupa D.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/477">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/477</self-uri><abstract><p>Инфекции мочевых путей широко распространены по всему миру и занимают одно из лидирующих мест среди инфекционных заболеваний. В основе современных стандартов лечения лежат антибактериальные методы. Вместе с тем в настоящее время наблюдается повсеместный рост антибиотикорезистентности основных уропатогенов. В клинической практике всё чаще приходится встречаться с рецидивирующими формами инфекции нижних мочевых путей. В этом случае главной задачей врача является максимальное увеличение безрецидивного интервала. Учитывая очевидный отрицательный коллатеральный эффект длительной антибиотикопрофилактики, специалисты всё чаще обращаются к альтернативным методам. Неантибактериальные меры профилактики направлены на ключевые звенья патогенеза заболевания, такие как противодействие проникновению и адгезии уропатогенов, а также стимуляция иммунной системы макроорганизма. В арсенале врача есть фармакологические средства (d-манноза, гиппурат метенамина, эстрогены нестеройдные противовоспалительные средства, пробиотики, внутрипузырные гликозаминогликаны, иммуностимуляторы и вакцины), природные уроантисептики (лечебные травы и продукты клюквы), а также поведенческая терапия. Главными преимуществами неантибактериальных методов лечения и профилактики инфекций нижних мочевых путей являются экологическая безопасность, то есть отсутствие влияния на комменсальную флору и избегание риска развития антибиотикорезистентности. В современных руководствах представлена весьма ограниченная информация по применению данного подхода к лечению. Опубликованные исследования говорят о высоком потенциале неантибактериальных методов, часть из которых по эффективности сопоставима со стандартной терапией. Однако качество работ и отсутствие стандартов использования препаратов не позволяют включить данный подход в существующие рекомендации. Очевидна необходимость новых качественных клинических исследований.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Urinary tract infections are widespread throughout the world and occupy one of the leading places among infectious diseases. Antibacterial methods are the basis of modern treatment standards. At the same time, a widespread increase in antibiotic resistance of the main uropathogens is currently observed. In clinical practice, recurrent lower urinary tract infections are increasingly common. Following this, the main task of the doctor is to maximize the recurrence-free interval. Given the obvious negative collateral effect of long-term antibiotic prophylaxis, specialists are increasingly turning to alternative methods. Non-antibacterial preventive measures are aimed at key links in the pathogenesis of the disease, such as counteracting the penetration and adhesion of uropathogens, as well as stimulating the immune system of the macroorganism. The available physicians' toolkit includes pharmacological agents (d-mannose, methenamine hippurate, estrogens, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, probiotics, intravesical glycosaminoglycans, immunostimulants and vaccines), natural uroantiseptics (medicinal herbs and cranberry products), as well as behavioural therapy. The main advantages of non-antibacterial methods for the treatment and prevention of lower urinary tract infections are environmental friendliness. It is associated with the absence of a negative effect on the commensal flora, as well as a reduction in the risk of developing antibiotic resistance. The current guidelines provide very limited information on the application of this approach to treatment. Published studies indicate the high potential of non-antibacterial methods, some of which are comparable in effectiveness to standard therapy. However, the quality of studies and the lack of drug use standards do not allow including this approach in the existing guidelines. The need for new, high-quality clinical trials is evident.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекция нижних мочевых путей</kwd><kwd>цистит</kwd><kwd>неантибактериальное лечение</kwd><kwd>d-манноза</kwd><kwd>эстрогены</kwd><kwd>нестеройдные противовоспалительные средства</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>гликозаминогликаны</kwd><kwd>иммуностимуляторы</kwd><kwd>фитотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lower urinary tract infection</kwd><kwd>cystitis</kwd><kwd>non-antibacterial treatment</kwd><kwd>d-mannose</kwd><kwd>estrogens</kwd><kwd>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>glycosaminoglycans</kwd><kwd>immunostimulants</kwd><kwd>herbal medicine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stamm WE, Norrby SR. Urinary tract infections: disease panorama and challenges. J Infect Dis. 2001;183 Suppl 1:S1- 4. 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