<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-1-39-46</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-412</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комбинация ретроградной и антеградной контактной электроимпульсной литотрипсии при камнях почки и лоханочномочеточникового сегмента</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Integrated retrograde and antegrade contact electro-impulse lithotripsy in the treatment of kidneys and ureteropelvic junction stones</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-1478</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Владимирович Гудков — доктор медицинских наук, профессор; заведующий кафедрой общей и детской урологии-андрологии.</p><p>634050,. Томск, Московский тракт, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Gudkov — M.D., Dr.Sc.(M), Full Prof.; Head, Dept. of General Urology and Pediatric Urology-andrology.</p><p>634050, Tomsk, 2 Moscovskii tract</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avgudkov51@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2448-9870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бощенко</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boshchenko</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вячеслав Семенович Бощенко — доктор медицинских наук, доцент; профессор кафедры общей и детской урологии-андрологии.</p><p>634050,. Томск, Московский тракт, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav S. Boshchenko — M.D., Dr.Sc.(M), Assoc. Prof. (Docent); Prof. Dept. of General Urology and Pediatric Urology-andrology.</p><p>634050, Tomsk, 2 Moscovskii tract</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vsbosh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6919-606X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лозовский</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lozovskiy</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Сергеевич Лозовский — заведующий отделением урологии.</p><p>634050,. Томск, Московский тракт, д. 2; тел.: +7 (923) 407-77-77</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim S. Lozovskiy — M.D.; Head, Urology Division.</p><p>634050, Tomsk, 2 Moscovskii tract; tel.: +7 (923) 407-77-77</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mslozovskij@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7288-6678</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шикунова</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikunova</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яна Владимировна Шикунова — кандидат медицинских наук; доцент кафедры общей и детской урологии-андрологии.</p><p>634050,. Томск, Московский тракт, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana V. Shikunova — M.D., Cand.Sc.(M), Assoc.Prof. (Docent) Dept. of General Urology and Pediatric Urology-andrology.</p><p>634050, Tomsk, 2 Moscovskiitract</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yana-z@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Сибирский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гудков А.В., Бощенко В.С., Лозовский М.С., Шикунова Я.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гудков А.В., Бощенко В.С., Лозовский М.С., Шикунова Я.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gudkov A.V., Boshchenko V.S., Lozovskiy M.S., Shikunova Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/412">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/412</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время тактика удаление камней почек, лоханочно-мочеточникового сегмента освещена достаточно широко и подробно описана в современных рекомендациях. В зависимости от характеристик камня, конституционных особенностей пациента применяется тот или иной метод лечения. Но не всегда удаётся добиться хорошего результата применяя только перкутанный или ретроградный доступ. В сложных случаях, когда имеется крупный разветвлённый камень почки, «вклиненный» камень лоханочно-мочеточникового сегмента, анатомические особенности больного, приходится искать новые способы удаления таких камней, комбинируя доступы.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность удаления камней почек, лоханочно-мочеточникового сегмента комбинацией ретроградной и перкутанной литотрипсии с помощью электроимпульсной энергии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. С 2014 по 2019 год выполнено 26 комбинированных перкутанных и ретроградных литотрипсий пациентам с различным расположением камней в почке и лоханочно-мочеточниковом сегменте с использованием электроимпульсного литотриптора «Уролит-105М» (Lithotech Medical, Израиль, ООО «МедЛайн», Россия), в части случаев применяли лазерный литотриптор «CalculaseII» (Storz, Германия). Результаты. Возраст больных от 25 до 76 лет (69,2% — женщины). Средний размер камня 19,5 мм (5 – 51 мм). Средняя плотность камня — 1229 HU (510 – 1720 HU). Средняя продолжительность операции — 131 мин (40 – 280 мин). Частота осложнений составила 3,84%. Полное освобождение от конкремента было получено в 92,3% случаях, суммарная эффективность при повторных операциях достигла 100%. Заключение. Комбинация антеградного и ретроградного доступов с использованием электроимпульсной энергии при сложных камнях лоханочно-мочеточникового сегмента, камнях почек, эффективный метод лечения. Данный вариант одномоментного доступа к камню в части случаев является единственно возможным, когда противопоказана дистанционная литотрипсия, риск проведения открытой операции достаточно высок, эндоскопические методы в виде монодоступа анте- или ретроградного неэффективны.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Nowadays, the tactics of removing stones from the kidneys and the ureteropelvic junction are widely covered and described in detail in modern guidelines. Determination of one or another treatment way depends on stone specific features and patient`s constitutional peculiarities. However, usage of percutaneous or retrograde access only does not always allow achieving a good result. In sophisticated cases, such as a large-size branchy renal stone, a “penetrated” stone in the ureter’s upper third, or some patient`s anatomic peculiarities, search for new ways to remove such stones with integrating accesses.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose of the study</title><p>Purpose of the study. To evaluate the removal efficiency of kidney stones and ureteropelvic junction by a combination of retrograde and percutaneous lithotripsy using electrical impulse energy. Materials and methods. In 2014-2019 in Siberian State Medical University Clinics (Tomsk, Russia), the integrated retrograde and percutaneous lithotripsy was applied in 26 cases to patients that had differently positioned kidneys’ and ureteropelvic junction stones. The treatment was based on the usage of the electro-impulse lithotriptor Urolith-105M (Lithotech Medical, Israel, MedLine LLP, Russia). In some cases, the laser lithotriptor Calculase II (Karl Storz, Germany) was also engaged. Result. The patients were aged from 25 to 76 (women - 69.2%). The calculus average size was 19.5 mm (varying from 5 to 51 mm). The calculus average density was 1229 HU (from 510 to 1720 HU). The operation average duration was 131 minutes (from 40 to 280 minutes). The incidence of complications was 3.84%. The complete calculus destruction occurred in 92.3% of cases. The overall response rate in re-operations reached up 100%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Integration of antegrade and retrograde accesses with use of the electro-impulse energy in removing complex stones from ureteropelvic junctions and kidneys proved to be an efficient method of treatment and demonstrated great results. Furthermore, this option of the single-step access to the stones is the only one possible in some cases when the extracorporeal lithotripsy is contraindicated, application of upfront surgery is quite risky, or endoscopic methods as an antegrade/retrograde mono-access are not effective .</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>комбинированная литотрипсия</kwd><kwd>антеградная</kwd><kwd>ретроградная</kwd><kwd>контактная  электроимпульсная литотрипсия</kwd><kwd>камни почек</kwd><kwd>камни лоханочно-мочеточникового сегмента</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>integrated lithotripsy</kwd><kwd>antegrade</kwd><kwd>retrograde</kwd><kwd>contact electro-impulse lithotripsy</kwd><kwd>renal stones</kwd><kwd>ureteropelvic junction stones</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазуренко Д.А., Берников Е.В., Кадыров З.А., Живов А.В., Абдуллин И.И., Нерсесян Л.А. Перкутанная нефролитото-мия в лечении крупных и коралловидных камней почек. Вестник урологии. 2015;(2):21-33. eLIBRARY ID: 25404028</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazurenko D.A., Bernikov E.V., Kadyrov Z.A., Zhivov A.V., Abdullin I.I., Nersesyan L.A. Pcnl in treatment of large and staghorn kidney stones. Urology Herald. 2015;(2):21-33. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 25404028</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daels F, Gonzalez MS, Freire FG, Jurado A, Damia O. Percutaneous lithotripsy in Valdivia-Galdakao decubitus position: our experience. J Endourol. 2009;23(10):1615-1620. DOI: 10.1089/end.2009.1526</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daels F, Gonzalez MS, Freire FG, Jurado A, Damia O. Percutaneous lithotripsy in Valdivia-Galdakao decubitus position: our experience. J Endourol. 2009;23(10):1615-1620. DOI: 10.1089/end.2009.1526</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руденко В.И., Дутов В.В. ред; Ширанов К.А. пер. Клинические рекомендации по мочекаменной болезни. В сб: Клинические рекомендации Европейской ассоциации урологов, 2019. Ссылка активна на 09.12.2020. http://asur-crimea.ru/klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-eau-2019-goda/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudenko V.I., Dutov V.V. eds; Shiranov K.A. translator. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii po mochekamennoi bolezni. In: Klinicheskie rekomendatsii Evropeiskoi assotsiatsii urologov, 2019. (In Russ.). Accessed Dec 09, 2020. http://asur-crimea.ru/klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-eau-2019-goda/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рогачиков В.В., Нестеров С.Н., Ильченко Д.Н., Тевлин К.П., Кудряшов А.В. Перкутанная нефролитолапаксия: прошлое, настоящее, будущее... Экспериментальная и клиническая урология. 2016;(2):58-66. eLIBRARY ID: 29899542</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rogachikov V.V., Nesterov S.N., Il'chenko D.N., Tevlin K.P., Kudryashov A.V. Percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy: past, present, future...	Eksperimental'naya I klinicheskaya urologiya. 2016;(2):58-66. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 29899542</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мартов А.Г., Андронов А.С., Ергаков Д.В., Дуто С.В. Чрескожная нефролитотрипсия на спине. Саратовский научно-медицинский журнал. 2011;(S2):s52-s56. eLIBRARY ID: 17107161</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martov A.G., Andronov A.S., Ergakov D.V., Duto S.V. Chreskozhnaya nefrolitotripsiya na spine. Saratovskij nauchno-medicinskij zhurnal. 2011;(S2):s52-s56. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 17107161</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mak DK, Smith Y, Buchholz N, El-Husseiny T. What is better in percutaneous nephrolithotomy - Prone or supine? A systematic review. Arab J Urol. 20164;14(2):101-107. DOI: 10.1016/j.aju.2016.01.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mak DK, Smith Y, Buchholz N, El-Husseiny T. What is better in percutaneous nephrolithotomy - Prone or supine? A systematic review. Arab J Urol. 20164;14(2):101-107. DOI: 10.1016/j.aju.2016.01.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Джафарзаде М.Ф., МартовА.Г., ТеодоровичО.В. Оперативное лечение камней подковообразной почки. Урология. 2011;(4):82-84. eLIBRARY ID: 16861655</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzhafarzade M.F., Martov A.G., Teodorovich O.V. Surgical treatment of nephroliths of the fused kidney. Urologiia. 2011;(4):82-84. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 16861655</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трусов П.В., Коган М.И., Хван В.К. Эффективность и безопасность мини-перкутанной нефролитотрипсии в лечении крупных и коралловидных камней почек. Вестник урологии. 2017;5(1):32-36. DOI: 10.21886/2306-6424-2017-5-1-32-36</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trusov P.V., Kogan M.I., Khvan V.K. The efficacy and safety of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in the treatment of large and staghorn stones of the kidney. Urology Herald. 2017;5(1):32-36. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21886/2306-6424-2017-5-1-32-36</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аляев Ю.Г., Мартов А.Г., Винаров А.З., Григорьев Н.А., Га-зимиев М.А., Ергаков Д.В., Сорокин Н.И. Первый опыт применения нового пневматического литотриптора LМА STONEBREAKER™ в лечении мочекаменной болезни. Урология. 2009;(6):48-52. eLIBRARY ID: 13216437</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alyaev Yu.G., Martov A.G., Vinarov A.Z., Grigoriev N.A., Gazimiev M.A., Ergakov D.V., Sorokin N.I. Pilot experience with application of a novel pneumatic lithotripter LMA STONRBREAKERtm in the treatment of urolithiasis. Urologiia. 2009;(6):48-52. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 13216437</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Теодорович О.В., Нарышкин С.А., Борисенко Г.Г., Давлат-биев С.А., Далгатов Ш.Ю., Шатохин М.Н., Кудиль А.В., Кочиев Д.Г. Минимально инвазивная перкутанная лазерная нефролитотрипсия в лечении коралловидного нефролитиаза. Медицинский вестник Башкортостана. 2015;10(3):68-72. eLIBRARY ID: 24245594</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Teodorovich O.V., Naryshkin S.A., Borisenko G.G., Davlatbiev S.A., DalgatovSh.U., Shatokhin M.N., Kudil A.V., Kochiev D.G. Minimally invasive percutaneous laser nephrolithotripsy in staghorn calculi treatment. Bashkortostan medical journal. 2015;10(3):68-72. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 24245594</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трусов П.В., Гусев А.А. Лечение камней почек: стандарты и инновации. Вестник урологии. 2019;7(2):93-111. DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2019-7-2-93-111</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trusov P.V., Gusev A.A. Treatment of kidney stones: standards and innovations. Urology Herald. 2019;7(2):93-111. (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2019-7-2-93-111</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яненко Э.К., Константинова О.В., Акулин С.М. Коралловидный нефролитиаз: методы оперативного лечения, осложнения и их профилактика. Урология. 2009;(6):62-67. eLIBRARY ID: 13216441</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yanenko E.K., Konstantinova O.V., Akulin S.M. Korallovidnyi nefrolitiaz: metody operativnogo lecheniya, oslozhneniya i ikh profilaktika. Urologiia. 2009;(6):62-67. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 13216441</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cinman NM, Andonian S, Smith AD. Lasers in percutaneous renal procedures. World J Urol. 2010;28(2):135-142. DOI: 10.1007/s00345-009-0423-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cinman NM, Andonian S, Smith AD. Lasers in percutaneous renal procedures. World J Urol. 2010;28(2):135-142. DOI:10.1007/s00345-009-0423-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гудков А.В., Бощенко В.С., Афонин В.Я. Контактная электроимпульсная литотрипсия. Урология. 2009;(2):32-37. eLIBRARY ID: 12869856</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gudkov A.V., Boschenko V.S., Afonin V.Ya. Contact electroimpulse lithotripsy. Urologiia. 2009;(2):32-37. (In Russ.). eLIBRARY ID: 12869856</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhat A, Singh V, Bhat M, Khandelwal N, Bhat A. Comparison of antegrade percutaneous versus retrograde ureteroscopic lithotripsy for upper ureteric calculus for stone clearance, morbidity, and complications. Indian J Urol. 2019;35(1):48-53. DOI: 10.4103/iju.IJU_89_18</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bhat A, Singh V, Bhat M, Khandelwal N, Bhat A. Comparison of antegrade percutaneous versus retrograde ureteroscopic lithotripsy for upper ureteric calculus for stone clearance, morbidity, and complications. Indian J Urol. 2019;35(1):48-53. DOI: 10.4103/iju.IJU_89_18</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eldarawany HM. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, retrograde intrarenal surgery and ureteroscopic lithotripsy in the treatment of renal and proximal ureteric stones: Are they competitive or complimentary? Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2015;3(3):190-197. DOI: 10.4103/1658-631X.161993</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eldarawany HM. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, retrograde intrarenal surgery and ureteroscopic lithotripsy in the treatment of renal and proximal ureteric stones: Are they competitive or complimentary? Saudi J Med Med Sci. 2015;3(3):190-197. DOI: 10.4103/1658-631X.161993</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bozkurt IH, Yonguc T, Arslan B, Degirmenci T, Gunlusoy B, Aydogdu O, Koras O. Minimally invasive surgical treatment for large impacted upper ureteral stones: Ureteroscopic lithotripsy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy? Can Urol Assoc J. 2015;9(3-4):E122-125. DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.2280</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bozkurt IH, Yonguc T, Arslan B, Degirmenci T, Gunlusoy B, Aydogdu O, Koras O. Minimally invasive surgical treatment for large impacted upper ureteral stones: Ureteroscopic lithotripsy or percutaneous nephrolithotomy? Can Urol Assoc J. 2015;9(3-4):E122-125. DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.2280</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang TY, Feng KM, Lo IS. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Update, Trends, and Future Directions for Simultaneous Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Retrograde Uretero-lithotripsy in the Galdakao-modified Supine Valdivia Position for Large Proximal Ureteral Calculi. Eur Urol. 2017;71(5):837-838. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.10.019</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang TY, Feng KM, Lo IS. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Update, Trends, and Future Directions for Simultaneous Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Retrograde Uretero-lithotripsy in the Galdakao-modified Supine Valdivia Position for Large Proximal Ureteral Calculi. Eur Urol. 2017;71(5):837-838. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.10.019</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen YC, Chen HW, Juan YS, Lo IS, Shih MP, Wu WJ, Jhan JH, Huang TY. Management of Large Proximal Ureteral Calculi: A Three-year Multicenter Experience of Simultaneous Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Retrograde Ure-terolithotripsy. Urol J. 2019;16(5):433-438. DOI: 10.22037/uj.v0i0.4328</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen YC, Chen HW, Juan YS, Lo IS, Shih MP, Wu WJ, Jhan JH, Huang TY. Management of Large Proximal Ureteral Calculi: A Three-year Multicenter Experience of Simultaneous Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Retrograde Ure-terolithotripsy. Urol J. 2019;16(5):433-438. DOI: 10.22037/uj.v0i0.4328</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
