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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2026-14-3-5-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1237</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретроградная гибкая нефролитотрипсия с применением навигационного аспирационного кожуха при камнях почек размером &gt; 2 см</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Retrograde flexible nephrolithotripsy using a navigation aspiration sheath for renal stones measuring &gt; 2 cm</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1583-6121</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акопян</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akopyan</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гагик Нерсесович Акопян — д-р мед. наук, профессор </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gagik N. Akopyan — Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akopyan_g_n@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5755-5950</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамаев</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamaev</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ибрагим Энверович Мамаев — канд. мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ibragim E. Mamaev — Cand.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.mamaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8994-4935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давронбеков</surname><given-names>Х. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davronbekov</surname><given-names>Kh. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хамза Хаёлбекович Давронбеков — канд. мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Khamza Kh. Davronbekov — Cand.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amza_1992@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7957-6421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доломанов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolomanov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Андреевич Доломанов </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill A. Dolomanov </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolomanovkirill@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-148X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайпулаев</surname><given-names>Г. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saipulaev</surname><given-names>G. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гаджимурад Шамильевич Сайпулаев </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gadzhimurad Sh. Saipulaev</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.saipulaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-842X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорцова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedortsova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Павловна Федорцова </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Fedortsova </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t_fedortsova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-9791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиненов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chinenov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Владимирович Чиненов — д-р мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis V. Chinenov — Dr.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chinenov_d_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-9430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпоть</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpot</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Валерьевич Шпоть — д-р мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy V. Shpot — Dr.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shpot_e_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-2251</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глыбочко</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glybochko</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пётр Витальевич Глыбочко — д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr V. Glybochko — Dr.Sc.(Med); Full Prof., Acad. of the RAS</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">glybochko_p_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт урологии и репродуктивного здоровья человека — Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Urology and Human Reproductive Health, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница им. В.М. Буянова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Buyanov City Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акопян Г.Н., Мамаев И.Э., Давронбеков Х.Х., Доломанов К.А., Сайпулаев Г.Ш., Федорцова Т.П., Чиненов Д.В., Шпоть Е.В., Глыбочко П.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акопян Г.Н., Мамаев И.Э., Давронбеков Х.Х., Доломанов К.А., Сайпулаев Г.Ш., Федорцова Т.П., Чиненов Д.В., Шпоть Е.В., Глыбочко П.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akopyan G.N., Mamaev I.E., Davronbekov K.K., Dolomanov K.A., Saipulaev G.S., Fedortsova T.P., Chinenov D.V., Shpot E.V., Glybochko P.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1237">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1237</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Использование навигационного аспирационного кожуха расширило возможности хирургического лечения мочекаменной болезни (МКБ). Однако сравнительные данные по эффективности и безопасности его применения при крупных камнях почек (&gt; 2 см) в рамках ретроградной гибкой нефролитотрипсии остаются ограниченными.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить преимущества применения мочеточникового кожуха с активной аспирацией перед традиционным кожухом по ключевым клиническим показателям при проведении гибкой уретерореноскопии у пациентов с МКБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён ретропроспективный анализ исходов гибкой уретерореноскопии у 108 больных с камнями почек от 2 до 3 см. В качестве вспомогательного инструмента во всех случаях применяли мочеточниковый кожух. При этом сравнивали два подхода: использование кожуха без активной аспирации (ретроспективная группа, n = 54) и кожуха с активной аспирацией (проспективная группа, n = 54). Критериями оценки служили операционное время, показатель полного удаления камней (SFR), выраженность болевого синдрома после операции, объём кровопотери, показатели функции почек, спектр и степень тяжести осложнений, срок пребывания в стационаре и частота повторных операций.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Применение мочеточникового кожуха с активной аспирацией при гибкой уретерореноскопии ассоциируется со значимым сокращением продолжительности оперативного вмешательства: среднее время составило 64,1 ± 5,7 мин. против 81,1 ± 8,6 минут при использовании традиционного кожуха (p = 0,001). SFR в группе с активной аспирацией достиг 90,7 %, превысив результат группы с традиционным кожухом (77,8%) на 12,9% (p = 0,001). Частота послеоперационных осложнений была достоверно ниже в группе с активной аспирацией — 7,4% против 16,7% в контрольной группе (p = 0,001), при этом в группе без активной аспирации чаще регистрировались инфекционные осложнения (11,1%).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение мочеточникового кожуха с активной аспирацией при гибкой уретерореноскопии сокращает время операции, повышает частоту полного удаления камней и снижает частоту послеоперационных осложнений, в том числе инфекционных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The use of an aspiration sheath has expanded the surgical armamentarium for the management of urolithiasis. Nevertheless, comparative data on its efficacy and safety in the treatment of large renal stones (&gt; 2 cm) during retrograde flexible nephrolithotripsy remain limited.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the advantages of a ureteral sheath with active aspiration over a conventional sheath with respect to key clinical outcomes during flexible ureteroscopy in patients with urolithiasis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. We performed a retro-prospective analysis of outcomes after flexible ureteroscopy in 108 patients with renal stones measuring 2 to 3 cm. A ureteral sheath was used as an adjunct in all cases. Two approaches were compared: use of a sheath without active aspiration (retrospective group, n = 54) and use of a sheath with active aspiration (prospective group, n = 54). The assessed outcomes included operative time, stone-free rate (SFR), severity of postoperative pain, blood loss, renal function parameters, the spectrum and severity of complications, length of hospital stay, and the rate of repeat procedures.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The use of a ureteral sheath with active aspiration during flexible ureteroscopy was associated with a significant reduction in operative time: mean duration was 64.1 ± 5.7 min compared with 81.1 ± 8.6 min with a conventional sheath (p = 0.001). The stone-free rate in the active aspiration group reached 90.7%, exceeding that of the conventional sheath group (77.8%) by 12.9% (p = 0.001). The rate of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the active aspiration group, at 7.4% vs 16.7% in the control group (p = 0.001), while infectious complications were more frequent in the group without active aspiration (11.1%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of a ureteral sheath with active aspiration during flexible ureteroscopy shortens operative time, increases the stone-free rate, and reduces the incidence of postoperative complications, including infectious events.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мини-перкутанная нефролитотомия</kwd><kwd>гибкая уретерореноскопия</kwd><kwd>кожух с активной аспирацией</kwd><kwd>камни почек</kwd><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mini-percutaneous nephrolithotripsy</kwd><kwd>flexible ureterorenoscopy</kwd><kwd>active aspiration sheath</kwd><kwd>kidney stones</kwd><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каприн А.Д., Аполихин О.И., Сивков А.В., Анохин Н.В., Гаджиев Н.К., Малхасян В.А., Акопян Г.Н., Просянников М.Ю. Заболеваемость мочекаменной болезнью в Российской Федерации с 2005 по 2020 г. 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