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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2026-14-2-46-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1225</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бессимптомная бактериурия при беременности — лечить или не лечить?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy: to treat or not to treat?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-0169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коган</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogan</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Иосифович Коган — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Kogan — Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof., Hons. Sci. of the Russian Federation</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dept_kogan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2986-3099</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьёва</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobeva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья В. Воробьёва</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Vorobyeva</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nansi71@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4808-7024</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Набока</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naboka</surname><given-names>Yu. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Лазаревна Набока — д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia L. Naboka — Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nagu22@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-9429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Иванович Белоусов — д-р мед. наук, профессор </p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>lgor I. Belousov — Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belrost_dept@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9686-0848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хамади</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hamadi</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Али М. Хамади</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ali M. Hamadi</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hamadiali@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Коган М.И., Воробьёва Н.В., Набока Ю.Л., Белоусов И.И., Хамади А.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коган М.И., Воробьёва Н.В., Набока Ю.Л., Белоусов И.И., Хамади А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kogan M.I., Vorobeva N.V., Naboka Y.L., Belousov I.I., Hamadi A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1225">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1225</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Инфекции мочевых путей (ИМП) являются наиболее частой экстрагенитальной патологией у беременных, ассоциированной с высоким риском акушерских и неонатальных осложнений. Особое внимание уделяется бессимптомной бактериурии (ББ), способной приводить к развитию гестационного пиелонефрита. Несмотря на наличие клинических рекомендаций, вопросы сроков скрининга, необходимости лечения ББ и выбора антимикробной терапии остаются дискуссионными. Отсутствие единого мнения в мировом медицинском сообществе, а также противоречия в нормативных документах нашей страны определяют актуальность дальнейшего изучения данной проблемы.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность терапии ББ у беременных в реальной клинической практике.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён проспективный анализ наблюдения и исходов родов у 150 беременных в возрасте 18 – 42 лет. Все пациентки были разделены на три группы: группа 1 (n = 43) — женщины, получившие лечение по поводу ББ; группа 2 (n = 77) — беременные, отказавшиеся от лечения ББ; группа 3 (n = 30) — пациентки, не обследованные на ББ. Исследование включало анализ клинико-анамнестических данных, результатов бактериологического посева мочи, ультразвукового исследования почек, а также оценку исходов беременности и родов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Группы были сопоставимы по возрасту и антропометрическим данным, однако статистически значимо различались по количеству беременностей, родов и гинекологических операций. При бактериологическом исследовании в группе 1 моноварианты микроорганизмов составили 81,4% при первом посеве и 72,1% — при втором; в группе 2 — 72,7% и 80,5% соответственно. В группе 1 лечение ББ проводилось антибиотиками (25,6%), канефроном (62,8%) или их комбинацией (11,6%). Несмотря на терапию, в группе 1 острый пиелонефрит развился у 7 (16,3%) пациенток, что превышало аналогичные показатели в группе 2, где острые эпизоды ИМП зафиксированы у 3 (3,9%) женщин. В группе 3 урологических осложнений не отмечено. Во всех группах естественное родоразрешение превалировало над кесаревым сечением. Все новорождённые имели оценку по шкале Аpgar 7 – 8 баллов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В данном исследовании лечение ББ не продемонстрировало снижения частоты развития острого пиелонефрита у беременных по сравнению с группой без лечения. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о необходимости пересмотра подходов к диагностике ББ, внедрения методов идентификации уропатогенных таксонов и поиска биомаркёров воспаления для формирования селективных групп беременных, нуждающихся в антибактериальной терапии. Требуется проведение рандомизированных контролируемых исследований для индивидуализации стратегий ведения данной категории пациенток.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common extragenital pathology in pregnant women and are associated with a high risk of obstetric and neonatal complications. Attention is paid to asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), which may lead to the development of gestational pyelonephritis. Despite the availability of clinical guidelines, the timing of screening, the need for ASB treatment, and the choice of antimicrobial therapy remain controversial. The lack of consensus within the international medical community, as well as discrepancies in national regulatory documents, underscores the need for further study of this problem.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of ASB treatment in pregnant women in real-world clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. A prospective analysis of pregnancy outcomes and delivery records was performed in 150 pregnant women aged 18 to 42 years. All patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (n = 43) included women who received treatment for ASB; group 2 (n = 77) included pregnant women who declined treatment for ASB; group 3 (n = 30) included patients who had not been screened for ASB. The study included an analysis of clinical and anamnestic data, urine culture results, renal ultrasonography, and pregnancy and delivery outcomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The groups were comparable in age and anthropometric parameters, but differed significantly in the number of pregnancies, deliveries, and gynaecological surgeries. In group 1, monomicrobial growth was detected in 81.4% of the first urine cultures and 72.1% of the second; in group 2, the corresponding values were 72.7% and 80.5%. In group 1, ASB treatment consisted of antibiotics (25.6%), Canephron (62.8%), or their combination (11.6%). Despite treatment, acute pyelonephritis developed in 7 (16.3%) patients in group 1, which was higher than in group 2, where acute UTI episodes were recorded in 3 (3.9%) women. No urological complications were observed in group 3. Vaginal delivery predominated over caesarean section in all groups. All newborns had Apgar scores of 7 – 8.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In this study, ASB treatment did not reduce the incidence of acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women compared with the untreated group. These findings suggest the need to reconsider approaches to ASB diagnosis, introduce methods for identifying uropathogenic taxa, and search for inflammatory biomarkers to define selective groups of pregnant women who may benefit from antibacterial therapy. Randomised controlled trials are required to individualise management strategies in this patient population.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>бессимптомная бактериурия</kwd><kwd>инфекции мочевых путей</kwd><kwd>гестационный пиелонефрит</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>микробиота мочи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>asymptomatic bacteriuria</kwd><kwd>urinary tract infections</kwd><kwd>gestational pyelonephritis</kwd><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>urinary microbiota</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors declare that there was no external funding.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гайбуллаев А.А., Абдуризаев А.А., Гайбуллаев О.А. 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