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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2025-13-6-89-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1152</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение эффективности и безопасности различных лечебных подходов при постпростатэктомических стриктурах пузырно-уретрального анастомоза: систематический обзор и метаанализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparison of the efficacy and safety of various management approaches in post-prostatectomy strictures of vesicourethral anastomosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3285-5559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Анатольевич Воробьев – д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Уфа</p><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Vorobev – Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.</p><p>Ufa</p><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denecer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-0169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коган</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogan</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Иосифович Коган – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail I. Kogan – Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof., Hons. Sci. of Russian Federation</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dept_kogan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4442-672X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьев</surname><given-names>Э. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopev</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдуард Юрьевич Прокопьев</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard Y. Prokopev</p><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokopev.urology@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6826-3133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пушкарев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pushkarev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Михайлович Пушкарёв – д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey M. Pushkarev – Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof.</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pushkar967@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9278-9739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лелявин</surname><given-names>К. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lelyavin</surname><given-names>K. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Борисович Лелявин – д-р мед. наук, доцент</p><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill Borisovich Lelyavin – Dr.Sc.(Med), Assoc.Prof. (Docent)</p><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lelyavinK@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет, Иркутский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University, Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет, Республиканская клиническая больница им. Г.Г. Куватова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет, Республиканская клиническая больница им. Г.Г. Куватова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University, Kuvatov Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Иркутская государственная медицинская академия последипломного образования — филиал ФГБОУ ДПО&#13;
РМАНПО Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education — Branch Campus of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воробьев В.А., Коган М.И., Прокопьев Э.Ю., Пушкарев А.М., Лелявин К.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воробьев В.А., Коган М.И., Прокопьев Э.Ю., Пушкарев А.М., Лелявин К.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vorobev V.A., Kogan M.I., Prokopev E.Y., Pushkarev A.M., Lelyavin K.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1152">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1152</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Стриктура пузырно-уретрального анастомоза является частым и клинически значимым осложнением радикальной простатэктомии, приводящим к инфравезикальной обструкции и выраженному снижению качества жизни. Несмотря на широкое применение эндоскопических, стентирующих и реконструктивных методов, частота рецидивов остаётся высокой, а выбор оптимальной тактики лечения – дискуссионным. Необходим всесторонний анализ эффективности и безопасности доступных подходов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить и сопоставить результаты различных методов лечения стриктур пузырно-уретрального анастомоза (ПУА), развивающихся после радикальной простатэктомии с акцентом на эффективность восстановления проходимости, частоту рецидивов, риск развития недержания мочи и качество жизни пациента.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён систематический обзор и метаанализ в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA. В базах Medline/PubMed, Embase и Cochrane Library был выполнен поиск оригинальных исследований, включавших ≥ 5 пациентов с подтверждёнными стриктурами ПУА, получавших лечение одним из трёх методов: эндоскопическим, стентированием или открытой реконструкцией. Основными исходами служили эффективность (отсутствие рестеноза), безопасность (осложнения, недержание), функциональные результаты и частота повторных вмешательств. Два рецензента независимо оценивали исследования, производили извлечение данных и оценку риска смещения (ROBINS-I). Качество доказательств определяли с использованием GRADE.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В анализ включены 24 исследования (n = 745 пациентов), преимущественно ретроспективных серий случаев. Эндоскопические методы обеспечили первичную эффективность в 55% случаев (95% ДИ 40 – 70%), совокупную — до 91% при повторных вмешательствах. Риск рецидива в течение 1 – 2 лет — до 40%, de novo недержания — ≤ 5%. Временные стенты (Memokath®️, Allium®️) продемонстрировали проходимость до 93%, риск миграции — 7%, недержания — ≤ 10%. Открытые реконструкции, включая уретропластику с буккальным графтом, достигли успеха у 73 – 85% пациентов, однако сопровождались новым недержанием в 40 – 75% случаев. У пациентов после лучевой терапии эффективность снижалась почти в 5 раз (OR 0,20; 95% ДИ 0,05 – 0,80).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Эндоскопия — оптимальный первичный подход с минимальным риском недержания, но высоким шансом рецидива. Стенты могут быть эффективным промежуточным решением при рецидивах. Открытая реконструкция – наиболее радикальный и результативный метод при сложных случаях, сопряжённый с высоким риском инконтиненции. Выбор метода должен быть индивидуализирован с учётом анамнеза, предшествующей лучевой терапии и цели сохранить континенцию.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Vesicourethral anastomotic stricture is a common and clinically significant complication of radical prostatectomy, leading to infravesical obstruction and substantial impairment of quality of life. Despite the availability of endoscopic, stenting, and reconstructive surgical options, recurrence rates remain high, and the optimal management strategy continues to be debated. A comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of current treatment approaches is therefore warranted.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate and compare the outcomes of different treatment modalities for vesicourethral anastomotic (VUA) strictures following radical prostatectomy (PPE strictures), focusing on anastomotic patency, recurrence, stress urinary incontinence, and quality of life.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched through January 2025 for original studies including ≥5 patients with PPE-related VUA strictures treated with endoscopic, stenting, or open reconstructive approaches. Primary outcomes included effectiveness (patency), recurrence rates, complications, incontinence, and need for reintervention. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (ROBINS-I). The quality of evidence was rated using GRADE.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A total of 24 studies (n = 745 patients) were included, primarily retrospective case series. Endoscopic approaches yielded an initial success rate of 55% (95% CI 40 – 70%), increasing to 91% with repeat procedures. Recurrence rates reached 40% within 1 – 2 years. De novo stress incontinence was rare (≤ 5%). Temporary urethral stents (Memokath®️, Allium®️) showed patency rates up to 93%, with migration in 7% and incontinence in ≤ 10% of patients. Open reconstructive techniques, including buccal mucosa grafts, achieved success rates of 73 – 85%, but were associated with new-onset incontinence in 40 – 75% of cases. Radiation history significantly reduced treatment success (OR 0.20; 95% CI 0.05 – 0.80).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Endoscopic procedures are optimal as first-line treatment due to minimal invasiveness and preservation of continence but have high recurrence risk. Temporary stents are a viable intermediate option after failed endoscopy. Open reconstruction provides the most definitive outcomes in complex cases but is burdened by a high incontinence risk. Treatment decisions should be individualized, considering prior radiation, stricture severity, and continence preservation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стриктура пузырно-уретрального анастомоза</kwd><kwd>радикальная простатэктомия</kwd><kwd>эндоскопическое лечение</kwd><kwd>уретральный стент</kwd><kwd>уретропластика</kwd><kwd>недержание мочи</kwd><kwd>PRISMA</kwd><kwd>GRADE</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vesicourethral anastomotic stricture</kwd><kwd>radical prostatectomy</kwd><kwd>endoscopic treatment</kwd><kwd>urethral stent</kwd><kwd>urethroplasty</kwd><kwd>urinary incontinence</kwd><kwd>PRISMA</kwd><kwd>GRADE</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Delchet O, Nourredine M, González Serrano A, Morel-Journel N, Carnicelli D, Ruffion A, Neuville P. 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