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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2025-13-6-5-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1138</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возрастно-половые особенности мочекаменной болезни: анализ 5-летних показателей среди госпитализированных пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Age-gender characteristics of urolithiasis: analysis of 5-year prevalence rates among men and women</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4251-7545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Армаис Альбертович Камалов – д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Armais A. Kamalov – Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof., Acad. of the RAS</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">armais.kamalov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-4547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Юрьевна Нестерова – канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Nesterova – Cand. Sc. (Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oy.nesterova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5398-4218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тахирзаде</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tahirzade</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анар Мазахир оглы Тахирзаде – канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anar M. Tahirzade – Cand. Sc. (Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anar391@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8258-3454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панфёров</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panferov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Сергеевич Панфёров – канд. мед. наук</p><p>Курск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander S. Panferov – Cand. Sc. (Med)</p><p>Kursk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Panferov-uro@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Кузьмич Карпов – канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery K. Karpov – Cand. Sc. (Med), associate professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vk_karpov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1453-9771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Османов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmanov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Омар Асланович Османов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Omar A. Osmanov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">omar_osmanov07@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4518-634X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стригунов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strigunov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Алексеевич Стригунов – канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Strigunov – Cand. Sc. (Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">an-strigunov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9115-7799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бурлаков</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Burlakov</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Дмитриевич Бурлаков</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya D. Burlakov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">forffmmsu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0589-2438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терешина</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshina</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Дмитриевна Терешина</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia D. Tereshina</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tereshinaanastasia51@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова; Городская клиническая больница 31 им. академика Г. М. Савельевой</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University (Lomonosov University); Savelieva Moscow City Clinical Hospital № 31</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University (Lomonosov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Городская клиническая больница 31 им. академика Г. М. Савельевой</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Savelieva Moscow City Clinical Hospital № 31</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр «Медассист»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>«Medassist» Urology Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Камалов А.А., Нестерова О.Ю., Тахирзаде А.М., Панфёров А.С., Карпов В.К., Османов О.А., Стригунов А.А., Бурлаков И.Д., Терешина А.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Камалов А.А., Нестерова О.Ю., Тахирзаде А.М., Панфёров А.С., Карпов В.К., Османов О.А., Стригунов А.А., Бурлаков И.Д., Терешина А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kamalov A.A., Nesterova O.Y., Tahirzade A.M., Panferov A.S., Karpov V.K., Osmanov O.A., Strigunov A.A., Burlakov I.D., Tereshina A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1138">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1138</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Мочекаменная болезнь (МКБ) является одним из наиболее распространённых и социально значимых урологических заболеваний. Доказанными факторами риска МКБ являются мужской пол и возраст пациентов. В общей популяции пациентов вероятность развития МКБ увеличивается с возрастом, однако факторы риска, связанные с полом, изучены недостаточно.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить возрастно-половые особенности пациентов с МКБ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В настоящее исследование включены 23 464 пациента госпитализированных в урологическое отделение ГБУЗ «ГКБ №31 им. академика Г.М. Савельевой ДЗМ» в период с 2019 по 2024 год включительно. Исследуемую группу составили пациенты с установленным диагнозом «МКБ», в то время как все остальные пациенты с отсутствием МКБ составили контрольную группу.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Из 23 464 пациентов МКБ установлена у 38,2% (8972 человека). Среди пациентов с МКБ 55,9% случаев приходилось на мужчин (средний возраст мужчин с МКБ – 50,1 лет), в то время как 44,1% случаев – на женщин (средний возраст женщин с МКБ – 54,5 лет). Распространённость МКБ среди мужчин с возрастом постепенно растёт, выходя на плато в период с 30–34 лет до 45–49 лет. Максимальный шанс наличия МКБ характерен для возрастной группы 35–39 лет: для данной группы пациентов шанс наличия МКБ в 4,3 раза выше, чем для мужчин 18–24 лет (ОШ 4,326; 95% ДИ 3,433 – 5,449; p &lt; 0,001, что соответствует вероятности наличия МКБ 68,8%). В дальнейшем отмечается постепенное снижение шанса наличия МКБ. Распространённость МКБ среди женщин с возрастом тоже увеличивается, достигая пика в возрастной категории 60–64 лет. Так, шанс наличия уролитиаза у женщин 60–64 лет в 3,4 раз выше, чем у женщин 18–24 лет (ОШ 1,553; 95% ДИ 1,242 – 1,943; p &lt; 0,001, что соответствует 53,7% вероятности наличия МКБ). Для пациенток в возрасте 65 лет и старше шанс наличия МКБ остаётся стабильно высоким.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Средний и пожилой возраст мужчин ассоциирован со снижением вероятности уролитиаза, в то время как этот же возраст у женщин с повышением вероятности уролитиаза. Такие особенности могут быть связаны с физиологическим изменением уровня половых гормонов, среди которых андрогены рассматриваются в качестве стимуляторов камнеобразования, а эстрогены – в качестве ингибиторов камнеобразования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Urolithiasis ranks among the most common and socially significant urological conditions. Male sex and advancing age are well‑recognized risk factors for stone disease. In the general population, the likelihood of urolithiasis rises with age. At the same time, men and women differ not only in the prevalence of urolithiasis but also in the pattern of sex‑specific risk factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the age-gender characteristics of the urolithiasis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. The present study included 23464 patients hospitalized in the Urology division of Savelieva Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 31 from 2019 to 2024. The study group of patients consisted of patients with an established diagnosis of urolithiasis, while all other patients without urolithiasis formed the control group.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Urolithiasis was identified in 38.2% of respondents (8,972 patients). Among patients with urolithiasis, 55.9% were men (mean age 50.1 years) and 44.1% were women (mean age 54.5 years). The prevalence of urolithiasis in men increases steadily with age and reaches a plateau between 30–34 and 45–49 years. The highest odds of urolithiasis are observed in the 35–39-year age group: in these patients, the odds are 4.3-fold higher than in men aged 18–24 years (OR 4.326; 95% CI 3.433–5.449; p &lt; 0.001), corresponding to a 68.8% probability of urolithiasis. Thereafter, the odds of urolithiasis gradually decrease. In women, the prevalence of urolithiasis also increases with age, peaking at 60–64 years. Thus, in women aged 60–64 years, the odds of urolithiasis are 3.4-fold higher than in those aged 18–24 years (OR 1.553; 95% CI 1.242–1.943; p &lt; 0.001), corresponding to a 53.7% probability of urolithiasis. In patients aged 65 years and older, the odds of urolithiasis remain consistently high.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Advancing age in men is associated with a lower probability of urolithiasis, whereas advancing age in women is associated with a higher probability of urolithiasis. These patterns may reflect age‑related changes in sex hormone levels, with androgens regarded as promoters of stone formation and estrogens as inhibitors of stone formation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>возраст</kwd><kwd>пол</kwd><kwd>гормональные особенности</kwd><kwd>андрогены</kwd><kwd>эстрогены</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>age</kwd><kwd>gender</kwd><kwd>hormonal characteristics</kwd><kwd>androgens</kwd><kwd>estrogens</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lang J, Narendrula A, El-Zawahry A, Sindhwani P, Ekwenna O. Global Trends in Incidence and Burden of Urolithiasis from 1990 to 2019: An Analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study Data. Eur Urol Open Sci. 2022;35:37-46. 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