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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2025-13-5-95-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1135</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ПРАКТИЧЕСКИМ ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXCHANGE OF PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности хирургического лечения мочекаменной болезни при подковообразной почке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical management of urolithiasis in patients with a horseshoe kidney: key technical considerations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7765-0122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топузов</surname><given-names>М. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topuzov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марлен Эскендерович Топузов — д-р меднаук, доцент </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marlen E. Topuzov —Dr.Sc. (Med), Assoc. Prof. (Docent)</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">martop@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2173-7485</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басок</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basok</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Станислав Михайлович Басок </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav M. Basok</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stas_basok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9521-2008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канукоев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanukoev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аслан Гумарович Канукоев </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aslan G. Kanukoev</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanukoevaslan1998@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7768-8877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Талерчик</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Talerchik</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Михайлович Талерчик </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii Mikhailovich Talerchik</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dtalerchik@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова;&#13;
Клиника высоких технологий «Белоостров»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University;&#13;
“Beloostrov” Clinic of High Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника высоких технологий «Белоостров»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“Beloostrov” Clinic of High Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Топузов М.Э., Басок С.М., Канукоев А.Г., Талерчик Д.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Топузов М.Э., Басок С.М., Канукоев А.Г., Талерчик Д.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Topuzov M.E., Basok S.M., Kanukoev A.G., Talerchik D.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1135">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1135</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Сочетание мочекаменной болезни (МКБ) с другими заболеваниями и / или пороками развития, в особенности с аномально развитыми почками и мочевыми путями, представляет определённую сложность для диагностики основного заболевания и его осложнений, а также для первичного, повторного и последующего лечения пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определить оптимальный доступ при выполнении перкутанной нефролитотрипсии на подковообразных почках, анализируя интраи послеоперационные осложнения, количество и размеры резидуальных конкрементов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В период с ноября 2020 по март 2024 года лечение прошли 12 пациентов (8 с подковообразными почками). Оперативное лечение уролитиаза проводили с применением стандартной перкутанной нефролитотрипсии с поправкой на сращение почек и атипичное расположение. Всем пациентам выполняли спиральную КТ с внутривенным контрастированием, позволяющую уточнить и оценить размеры и плотность камня, стереометрическое расположение, морфофункциональное состояние подковообразной почки, её скелетотопию, синтопию и голотопию, а также кровоснабжение.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Гендерное распределение пациентов: 8 (66,7%) мужчин и 4 (33,3%) женщины. Размер конкрементов колебался от 2 до 2,5 см (2,26 ± 0,16 см), плотность камней в среднем составила 1083,3 ± 54,7 HU (от 1020 до 1200 HU). Методика доступа через верхнюю чашечку при лечении мочекаменной болезни у пациентов с подковообразной почкой демонстрирует высокую безопасность и эффективность. Отсутствие кровотечений и сравнительно низкая частота резидуальных конкрементов свидетельствуют о надёжности данного подхода.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты исследования подтверждают высокую эффективность при использовании доступа через верхнюю чашечку при хирургическом лечении мочекаменной болезни у пациентов с подковообразной почкой. Данный метод показал и высокую безопасность, минимизируя риски осложнений и обеспечивая устойчивые клинические результаты.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The combination of urolithiasis with other diseases and/or malformations, especially abnormally developed kidneys and urinary tract, presents a certain complexity for the diagnosis of the underlying disease and its complications, as well as for the initial, repeated and subsequent treatment of patients. One of the abnormalities in the development of the kidneys is the horseshoe shape. It is the most common variant of fusion and, according to domestic and foreign literature, occurs in approximately 0.25% (1:500 – 1:400) of the population.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine the most optimal approach when performing percutaneous nephrolithotripsy on horseshoe kidneys, analyzing intraand postoperative complications, the number and size of residual stones.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. In the period from November 2020 to March 2024, 12 patients — 8 (66.7%) men and 4 (33.3%) women) with horseshoe kidneys were treated. The size of the stones ranged from 2.0 to 2.5 cm (2.26 ± 0.16 cm), the density of the stones averaged 1083.3 ± 54.7 HU (from 1020 to 1200 HU). Surgical treatment of urolithiasis in patients included in the study was carried out using standard percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNL) adjusted for renal adhesion and atypical location. All patients underwent spiral CT with intravenous contrast, which made it possible to clarify and assess the size and density of the stone; stereometric location, morphological and functional state of the horseshoe kidney, its skeletotopia, syntopy and holotopia, as well as blood supply.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The technique of access through the upper calyx in the treatment of urolithiasis in patients with horseshoe kidney demonstrates high safety and effectiveness. The absence of bleeding and the relatively low incidence of residual stones indicate the reliability of this approach.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The results of the study confirm a significant superiority of access through the upper calyx in the surgical treatment of urolithiasis in patients with a horseshoe kidney. This method has shown high efficiency and safety minimizing the risk of complications and providing sustainable clinical results.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>подковообразная почка</kwd><kwd>почка</kwd><kwd>хирургия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>horseshoe kidney</kwd><kwd>kidney surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каприн А.Д., Аполихин О.И., Сивков А.В., Анохин Н.В., Гаджиев Н.К., Малхасян В.А., Акопян Г.Н., Просянников М.Ю. Заболеваемость мочекаменной болезнью в Российской Федерации с 2005 по 2020 г. Экспериментальная и клиническая урология. 2022;15(2)10-17. 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