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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2025-13-5-60-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1131</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка перфузии почек при гнойно-деструктивных формах пиелонефрита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of renal perfusion in purulent-destructive pyelonephritis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1636-3151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananiev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Александрович Ананьев — канд. мед. наук</p><p>Барнаул</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Ananiev — Cand.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Barnaul</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">urologkkb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-4897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павлов Валентин Николаевич — д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentin N. Pavlov — Dr.Sc.(Med); Full Prof.; Acad. of the RAS</p><p>Ufa</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3285-5559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьёв</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Анатольевич Воробьёв — д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Vorobev — Dr.Sc.(Med); Full Prof</p><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denecer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Краевая клиническая больница<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Barnaul Regional Clinical Hospital<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Иркутский государственный медицинский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Irkutsk State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ананьев В.А., Павлов В.Н., Воробьёв В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ананьев В.А., Павлов В.Н., Воробьёв В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ananiev V.A., Pavlov V.N., Vorobyov V.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1131">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1131</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Проблема оценки перфузии почек актуальна при гнойно-деструктивных формах пиелонефрита, так как инфицирование паренхимы сопровождается очагами ишемии и некроза. Визуализация кровотока позволяет выявлять такие очаги сниженной перфузии и своевременно диагностировать осложнения. В последние годы появились новые методики визуализации (например, КТ-перфузия, ультразвуковая диагностика с контрастированием, диффузионно-взвешенная МРТ), которые потенциально повышают точность диагностики.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Проанализировать современные методы оценки почечной перфузии при гнойном пиелонефрите и сформулировать рекомендации для клинической практики.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обзор выполнен в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA. Проведён систематический поиск публикаций за последние 10 лет (2013 – 2023) с использованием ключевых классических работ для полноты анализа. Поиск литературы осуществляли в международных базах данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, а также на российских ресурсах eLibrary и РИНЦ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. КТ с контрастированием прочно занимает лидирующую позицию при осложнённом течении благодаря сочетанию высокой чувствительности и информативности в отношении осложнений. Чувствительность КТ в обнаружении паренхиматозных изменений составляет порядка 80 – 90%, а диагностическая точность приближается к 90 – 95% при гнойно-деструктивных формах. Метод УЗИ, несмотря на всю привлекательность (отсутствие вреда, возможность выполнения у постели больного), существенно уступает по чувствительности. Тем не менее современные усовершенствования ультразвуковой техники радикально повышают информативность УЗИ. Отдельные исследования демонстрируют сопоставимые с КТ результаты при использовании контрастного ультразвукового исследования (КУЗИ, чувствительность 95 – 100%). Радионуклидная сцинтиграфия DMSA по-прежнему остаётся «золотым стандартом» научных исследований пиелонефрита у детей. МРТ зарекомендовала себя как отличное средство диагностики пиелонефрита у пациентов с противопоказаниями к КТ. ПЭТ-КТ нельзя рекомендовать для рутинного использования при пиелонефрите, однако обзор показывает её нишевую эффективность в сложных случаях, когда требуются функциональные критерии активности инфекции или поиск скрытого очага.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Современные методы визуализации позволяют детально оценивать перфузию почек при гнойном пиелонефрите, значительно повышая точность диагностики. Внедрение инновационных технологий — контрастного ультразвука, КТ-перфузии, функциональной МРТ — открывает новые возможности раннего выявления осложнений и индивидуализации лечения, что в итоге улучшает прогноз и способствует сохранению почечной функции у пациентов с этой серьёзной инфекцией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The problem of assessing renal perfusion is especially relevant in purulent-destructive forms of pyelonephritis, since parenchymal infection is accompanied by foci of ischemia and necrosis. Visualization of perfusion allows you to identify such foci of reduced blood flow and diagnose complications in a timely manner. In recent years, new imaging techniques (e.g., CT perfusion, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, diffusion-weighted MRI) have emerged that have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To analyze modern methods for assessing renal perfusion in pyelonephritis and to formulate guidelines for clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Material &amp; methods</title><p>Material &amp; methods. The review was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA rules. A systematic search of publications for the last 10 years (2013 – 2023) was carried out with the inclusion of key classical works for completeness of the analysis. The literature search was carried out in the international databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, as well as in the Russian resources eLibrary and RSCI.</p></sec><sec><title>Outcomes</title><p>Outcomes. Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) firmly occupies a leading position in a complicated course due to the combination of high sensitivity and informative value in relation to complications. The sensitivity of CT in the detection of parenchymal changes is about 80–90%, and the diagnostic accuracy is close to 90 – 95% in purulentdestructive forms. The ultrasound method, despite all its attractiveness (no harm, the possibility of performing it at the patient's bedside), is significantly inferior in sensitivity. Nevertheless, modern improvements in ultrasound technology radically increase the informative value of ultrasound. Some studies demonstrate results of CEUS comparable to CT (95 – 100% sensitivity). DMSA-scintigraphy is still the «gold standard» for scientific research on pyelonephritis in children. MRI has proven to be an excellent tool for diagnosing pyelonephritis in patients with contraindications to CT. PET/CT cannot be recommended for routine use in pyelonephritis, but the review shows its niche effectiveness in complex cases — when functional criteria for infection activity or a search for a latent focus are required.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Modern imaging methods make it possible to assess in detail the kidney perfusion in purulent pyelonephritis, significantly increasing the accuracy of diagnosis. The introduction of innovative technologies (CEUS, CT perfusion, functional MRI) opens new opportunities for early detection of complications and individualization of treatment, which ultimately improves the prognosis and contributes to the preservation of renal function in patients with this serious infection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый гнойный пиелонефрит</kwd><kwd>КТ-перфузия</kwd><kwd>нефросцинтиграфия</kwd><kwd>почечная гемодинамика</kwd><kwd>DMSA scan</kwd><kwd>diffusion MRI</kwd><kwd>renal perfusion</kwd><kwd>КУЗИ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute purulent pyelonephritis</kwd><kwd>CT perfusion</kwd><kwd>nephroscintigraphy</kwd><kwd>renal hemodynamics</kwd><kwd>DMSA scan</kwd><kwd>diffusion MRI</kwd><kwd>renal perfusion</kwd><kwd>CEUS</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herness J, Buttolph A, Hammer NC. 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