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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2025-13-5-37-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1126</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Опухоль-ассоциированные фибробласты и клинико-морфологические особенности течения рака простаты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cancer-associated fibroblasts and clinical and morphological features of prostate cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-4547</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нестерова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nesterova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Юрьевна Нестерова — канд. мед. наук</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Nesterova — Cand.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oy.nesterova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8564-8874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Олейникова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oleynikova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нина Александровна Олейникова — канд. мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina A. Oleynikova — Cand.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ale_x_05@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8649-6681</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Варенцов</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varentsov</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Григорьевич Варенцов </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michael G. Varentsov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miha78st@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3992-7319</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жестков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhestkov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жестков Иван Алексеевич </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Zhestkov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhestkovvanya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4518-634X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стригунов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strigunov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Алексеевич Стригунов — канд. мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Strigunov — Cand.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">an-strigunov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6768-9004</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охоботов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Okhobotov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Александрович Охоботов — д-р мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Okhobotov — Dr.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">14072003m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5074-3513</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальков</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkov</surname><given-names>P. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Георгиевич Мальков — д-р мед. наук </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel G. Malkov — Dr.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malkovp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4251-7545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Армаис Альбертович Камалов — д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Armais A. Kamalov — Dr.Sc.(Med), Full Prof., Acad. of the RAS</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">armais.kamalov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University (Lomonosov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нестерова О.Ю., Олейникова Н.А., Варенцов М.Г., Жестков И.А., Стригунов А.А., Охоботов Д.А., Мальков П.Г., Камалов А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нестерова О.Ю., Олейникова Н.А., Варенцов М.Г., Жестков И.А., Стригунов А.А., Охоботов Д.А., Мальков П.Г., Камалов А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nesterova O.Y., Oleynikova N.A., Varentsov M.G., Zhestkov I.A., Strigunov A.A., Okhobotov D.A., Malkov P.G., Kamalov A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1126">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1126</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В последние годы исследователи уделяют особое внимание структуре опухолевого микроокружения, которое, как предполагается, может модулировать поведение опухолевых клеток за счёт различных паракринных факторов и тем самым выступать в качестве маркёра характера течения и прогноза рака предстательной железы (РПЖ). Одним из компонентов опухолевого микроокружения являются опухольассоциированные фибробласты (CAFs). В качестве маркёров последних могут использоваться белок активации фибробластов (FAP) и рецепторы тромбоцитарного фактора роста α и β (PDGFR α и β).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить взаимосвязи клинико-морфологических особенностей РПЖ и маркёров CAFs, FAP и PDGFRα + β.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В рамках исследования был изучен операционный материал, полученный от 34 пациентов с РПЖ. Возраст пациентов варьировался от 52 до 77 лет (средний возраст — 64,1 года). Образцы ткани были окрашены на маркёры CAFs — FAP и PDGFRα + β. В дальнейшем проводили анализ взаимосвязи данных маркёров и клинико-морфологических особенностей течения РПЖ с использованием программного обеспечения RStudio на языке программирования R.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При наличии экспрессии FAP в структуре опухолевого микроокружения РПЖ отмечалась более высокая градация опухоли по Gleason: в 81,3% случаев РПЖ классифицировался как 4 + 3 = 7 и выше, в то время как при отсутствии FAP только 33,3% опухолей относились к данной категории (р = 0,014). Помимо этого, для пациентов с наличием FAP значительно чаще была характерна лимфатическая инвазия (L), определяемая в 43,8% случаев, в то время как при отсутствии FAP — только в 5,6% (0,015). При наличии FAP у пациентов чаще отмечалось очаговое поражение простаты по результатам МРТ органов малого таза, а также чаще поражались лимфатические узлы (31,2% и 5,6%), однако данный параметр обладал пограничным уровнем значимости (р = 0,078). При умеренной / выраженной экспрессии PDGFRα + β отмечалась более высокая градация опухоли по Gleason: в 80,0% случаев РПЖ классифицировался как 4 + 3 = 7 и выше, в то время как при отсутствии / слабой экспрессии PDGFRα + β – только 36,8% опухолей относилось к данной категории (р = 0,030). У пациентов с умеренной / выраженной экспрессией PDGFRα + β отмечались более частая вероятность вовлечения в процесс лимфатических узлов (по номограмме MSKCC) и очаговое поражение простаты (по результатам МРТ органов малого таза) при пограничном уровне значимости данных параметров (р = 0,097 и p = 0,063 соответственно).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Наличие и выраженность экспрессии маркёров стромальных CAFs ассоциированы с неблагоприятными клинико-морфологическими особенностями РПЖ, в частности с более высокой градацией опухоли по Gleason, более частым наличием очагов в предстательной железе (по результатам МРТ органов малого таза), наличием инвазии в лимфатические сосуды.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. In recent years, researchers have been paying special attention to the structure of the tumor microenvironment, which is assumed to be able to modulate the tumor behavior due to various paracrine factors and, thereby, act as a marker of the course and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). One of the components of the tumor microenvironment are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and plateletderived growth factor receptors α and β (PDGFR α and β) can be used as markers of CAFs.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To evaluate the association between the clinical and morphological features of PCa and CAFs markers, FAP and PDGFRα + β.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. The study used surgical material obtained from 34 patients with PCa. The age of the patients ranged from 52 to 77 years (mean age 64.1). The surgical material was stained with CAFs – FAP and PDGFRa + β markers. Subsequently, the relationship between these markers and the clinical and morphological features of PCa was analyzed using the RStudio software in the R programming language.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A higher Gleason grade in the presence of FAP was noted: in 81.3% of cases, PCa was classified as Gleason 4 + 3 = 7 and higher, while in the absence of FAP, only 33.3% of tumors belonged to this category (p=0.014). In addition, patients with FAP were significantly more likely to have lymphatic invasion, which was detected in 43.8% of cases, while in the absence of FAP it was detected only in 5.6% (0.015). In the presence of FAP, patients were more likely to have a lesion of the prostate according to MRI, and lymph nodes were also more often affected (31.2% and 5.6%), however, this parameter had a borderline significance level (p = 0.078). With moderate/high PDGFRa + β expression, a higher Gleason grade was noted: in 80.0% of cases, PCa was classified as Gleason 4 + 3 = 7 and higher, while with no/ weak PDGFRa + β expression, only 36.8% of tumors belonged to this category (p = 0.030). In patients with moderate/ high PDGFRa + β expression, there was a more frequent probability of involvement of lymph nodes in the process (according to the MSKCC nomogram) and more likely to have lesions according to MRI at the borderline significance level of these parameters (p = 0.097 and p = 0.063, respectively).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The presence and severity of expression of stromal CAFs markers are associated with unfavorable clinical and morphological features of prostate cancer with a higher Gleason grade, more frequent lesions on MRI and the presence of invasion into the lymphatic vessels.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак предстательной железы</kwd><kwd>опухолевое микроокружение</kwd><kwd>опухоль-ассоциированные фибробласты</kwd><kwd>градация опухоли по Gleason</kwd><kwd>белок активации фибробластов</kwd><kwd>рецепторы тромбоцитарного фактора роста</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>tumor microenvironment</kwd><kwd>cancer-associated fibroblasts</kwd><kwd>Gleason grade</kwd><kwd>fibroblast activation protein</kwd><kwd>platelet-derived growth factor receptors α and β</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cancer Taday. 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