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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2025-13-3-107-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1088</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Систематический обзор и сетевой мета-анализ результатов лечения стриктур головчатого отдела уретры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Treatment outcomes of glandular urethral strictures: a systematic review and network meta-analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3285-5559</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьёв</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Анатольевич Воробьёв — д-р мед. наук, профессор.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denecer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4442-672X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьев</surname><given-names>Э. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopyev</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдуард Юрьевич Прокопьев</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokopev.urology@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6826-3133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пушкарёв</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pushkaryov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Михайлович Пушкарёв — д-р мед. наук, профессор.</p><p>Уфа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pushkar967@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-0169</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коган</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kogan</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Иосифович Коган — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ.</p><p>Ростов-на-Дону</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rostov-on-Don</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dept_kogan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет; Иркутский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University; Irkutsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Башкирский государственный медицинский университет; Республиканская клиническая больница им. Г.Г. Куватова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University; Kuvatov Republican Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Rostov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воробьёв В.А., Прокопьев Э.Ю., Пушкарёв А.М., Коган М.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воробьёв В.А., Прокопьев Э.Ю., Пушкарёв А.М., Коган М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vorobyov V.A., Prokopyev E.Y., Pushkaryov A.M., Kogan M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1088">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1088</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Стриктуры дистального отдела уретры составляют до 18% всех передних стриктур и часто связаны с lichen sclerosus, ятрогенными травмами или осложнениями операций по поводу гипоспадии, значительно ухудшая качество жизни пациентов. Отсутствие единых рекомендаций по выбору оптимальной тактики обусловливает необходимость критического анализа накопленных данных. Настоящий систематический обзор с сетевым мета-анализом обобщает современную доказательную базу по эффективности и безопасности хирургических и эндоскопических подходов при стриктурах головчатого отдела уретры.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность и безопасность различных методов лечения стриктур головчатой уретры (ладьевидная ямка и наружное отверстие уретры) с помощью систематического обзора и мета-анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён систематический поиск литературы в базах данных PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase и Cochrane Library в соответствии с руководством PRISMA. В анализ включены исследования, содержащие информацию о частоте рецидивов, удовлетворённости пациентов, частоте осложнений и долгосрочной эффективности различных методов лечения, включая меатотомию, одноэтапную и двухэтапную уретропластику, а также литературное сравнение с малоинвазивными методиками (бужирование, уретротомия). Данные обобщены с использованием классического и сетевого мета-анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В анализ включены 15 исследований с включением 422 пациентов. Средняя частота рецидивов после малоинвазивного лечения (бужирование, уретротомия) составила 60–80%, тогда как после реконструктивных операций (уретропластика) — 10–15% (OR 10; 95% ДИ 5 – 20). Удовлетворённость пациентов после уретропластики превысила 90%. Сетевой мета-анализ показал, что двухэтапная уретропластика и одноэтапная BMG являются наиболее эффективными методами с вероятностью успеха &gt; 90%. Малоинвазивные методы значительно уступают по долгосрочной эффективности (SUCRA ≤ 30%).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Хирургическая реконструкция является предпочтительным методом лечения стриктур головчатой уретры. Двухэтапная и одноэтапная уретропластика обеспечивают наилучшие долгосрочные результаты, в то время как меатотомия может быть вариантом для ограниченных стриктур. Эндоскопическое лечение имеет высокую частоту рецидивов и должно использоваться только в ограниченных случаях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Distal urethral strictures account for up to 18% of anterior urethral narrowing and are frequently linked to lichen sclerosus, iatrogenic trauma, or failed hypospadias repair, causing marked voiding dysfunction and reduced quality of life. The absence of unified guidelines for selecting the optimal management strategy necessitates a critical analysis of the accumulated data. This systematic review with network meta-analysis summarises the current evidence base regarding the efficacy and safety of surgical and endoscopic approaches for strictures of the glans urethra.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the efficacy and safety of various treatments for distal urethral strictures (glandular urethra, navicular fossa, and external urethral meatus) through a systematic review and meta-analysis, including a network meta-analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library following PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting recurrence rates, patient satisfaction, complication rates, and long-term efficacy of different treatments, including meatotomy, one-stage and two-stage urethroplasty, and minimally invasive methods (dilation, urethrotomy), were included.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The analysis included 15 studies with a total of 422 patients. The average recurrence rate after minimally invasive treatment (dilation, urethrotomy) was 60 – 80%, while after reconstructive surgery (urethroplasty), it was 10 – 15% (OR 10; 95% CI 5 – 20). Patient satisfaction exceeded 90% after urethroplasty. The network meta-analysis showed that two-stage and one-stage BMG urethroplasty were the most effective methods, with a success probability &gt; 90%. Minimally invasive techniques had significantly lower long-term effectiveness (SUCRA ≤ 30%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Surgical reconstruction is the preferred treatment method for glandular urethral strictures. Both two-stage and single-stage urethroplasty provide the best long-term outcomes, whereas meatotomy may be an option for limited strictures. Endoscopic treatment is associated with a high recurrence rate and should be reserved for select cases only.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стриктура уретры</kwd><kwd>уретропластика</kwd><kwd>меатотомия</kwd><kwd>уретротомия</kwd><kwd>систематический обзор</kwd><kwd>мета-анализ</kwd><kwd>сетевой мета-анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urethral stricture</kwd><kwd>urethroplasty</kwd><kwd>meatotomy</kwd><kwd>urethrotomy</kwd><kwd>systematic review</kwd><kwd>meta-analysis</kwd><kwd>network meta-analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was not sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dielubanza EJ, Han JS, Gonzalez CM. 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