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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">urovest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник урологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Urology Herald</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2308-6424</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Rostov State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21886/2308-6424-2025-13-1-5-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">urovest-1004</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнение директивной пункции с традиционной методикой перкутанной нефролитотомии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Direct-guided punction percutaneous nephrolitothomy versus standard percutaneous nephrolitothomy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1583-6121</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акопян</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akopyan</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гагик Нерсесович Акопян — д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gagik N. Akopyan — Dr.Sc.(Med), Prof.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1827-9498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турсунова</surname><given-names>Ф. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tursunova</surname><given-names>F. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фарзона Исмоилжоновна Турсунова </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Farzona I. Tursunova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tursunova_f_i_1@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8994-4935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давронбеков</surname><given-names>Х. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davronbekov</surname><given-names>H. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хамза Хаёлбекович Давронбеков</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Hamza H. Davronbekov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6255-0193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаджиев</surname><given-names>Н. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gadzhiev</surname><given-names>N. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нариман Казиханович Гаджиев — д-р мед. наук</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Nariman K. Gadzhiev — Dr.Sc.(Med)</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4568-842X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорцова</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedortsova</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Павловна Федорцова </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Fedortsova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8276-925X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупов</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusupov</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карим Маратович Юсупов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Karim M. Yusupov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7267-6767</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турсунов</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tursunov</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ибрагим Исмоилжонович Турсунов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ibragim I. Tursunov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9056-9791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чиненов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chinenov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Владимирович Чиненов — канд. мед. наук </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Denis V. Chinenov — Cand.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1121-9430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шпоть</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shpot</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Валерьевич Шпоть — д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Evgeniy V. Shpot — Dr.Sc.(Med)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-2251</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глыбочко</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glybochko</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петр Витальевич Глыбочко — д-р мед. наук, профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr V. Glybochko — Dr.Sc.(Med); Full Prof., Acad. of the RAS </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт урологии и репродуктивного здоровья человека — Первый Московский государственный&#13;
медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health — Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov&#13;
University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н. И. Пирогова — Санкт-Петербургский государственный&#13;
университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Clinic of Advanced Medical Technologies — St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Акопян Г.Н., Турсунова Ф.И., Давронбеков Х.Х., Гаджиев Н.К., Федорцова Т.П., Юсупов К.М., Турсунов И.И., Чиненов Д.В., Шпоть Е.В., Глыбочко П.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Акопян Г.Н., Турсунова Ф.И., Давронбеков Х.Х., Гаджиев Н.К., Федорцова Т.П., Юсупов К.М., Турсунов И.И., Чиненов Д.В., Шпоть Е.В., Глыбочко П.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akopyan G.N., Tursunova F.I., Davronbekov H.H., Gadzhiev N.K., Fedortsova T.P., Yusupov K.M., Tursunov I.I., Chinenov D.V., Shpot E.V., Glybochko P.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1004">https://www.urovest.ru/jour/article/view/1004</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Золотым стандартом оперативного лечения пациентов с камнями почек больше 2 см является перкутанная нефролитотомия (ПНЛ), первый этап которой заключается в проведении торцевого катетера в верхние мочевые пути с целью контрастирования чашечно-лоханочной системы (ЧЛС). Одной из модификаций классической методики ПНЛ является директивная пункция, когда пункция ЧЛС проводится напрямую с помощью ультразвуковой или рентгеноскопической навигации без предварительного контрастирования ЧЛС.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Сравнить эффективность и безопасность традиционной методики ПНЛ (мини-ПНЛ / мПНЛ) с установкой мочеточникового катетера и ПНЛ с применением директивной пункции (дПНЛ).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализированы результаты лечения 67 пациентов, которым с сентября 2021 года по март 2023 года была выполнена перкутанная нефролитотомия. В группе 1 использовали традиционную методику ПНЛ (n = 35), в группе 2 — директивную пункцию (n = 32). Оценивали длительность операции, длительность пункций, качество визуализации ЧЛС, кровопотерю (падение гемоглобина после операции), почечную функцию (изменение креатинина после операции) и постоперационные осложнения по шкале Clavien-Dindo. Для оценки частоты избавления (SFR) от камней пациентам проводили компьютерную томографию (КТ) органов брюшной полости в первые сутки после операции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Длительность операции была меньше в среднем на 16 минут в группе 2 (p &lt; 0,001) за счёт отсутствия первого этапа. Время пункции в группах не различалось (p = 0,739), при этом средняя продолжительность пункции составила 2 минуты. Частота избавления пациентов от камней (SFR) в группах не различалась — 91,4% (мПНЛ) против 93,8% (дПНЛ) (p &gt; 0,999). Падение гемоглобина и изменение креатинина было сопоставимо в обеих группах (p = 0,320 и p = 0,442 соответственно). Ни одному пациенту не потребовалось переливание крови. Осложнения III и IV класса по Clavien-Dindo не встречались.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пункция без предварительного этапа дренирования ЧЛС безопасна и эффективна по сравнению с традиционной методикой и даёт преимущество по времени оперативного вмешательства.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is considered the gold standard for treating renal stones larger than 2 centimetres. The initial stage of PCNL involves retrograde catheterisation of the pelvicalyceal system (PCS) with contrast enhancement. Direct-guided puncture is a modification of standard PCNL, where puncture of the PCS is performed without retrograde enhancement of the PCS.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To compare the efficacy and safety of standard PCNL (miniPCNL/mPCNL) versus direct-guided puncture PCNL (dgPCNL).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials &amp; methods</title><p>Materials &amp; methods. The study involved 67 patients who were recruited between September 2021 and March 2023. They were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 35) underwent standard PCNL, while group 2 (n = 32) received dgPCNL. We compared the following parameters: surgery duration and puncture time, visualization (using the Likert scale), stone-free rate (SFR), blood loss (post-op haemoglobin level decrease), renal function (post-op creatinine variations), and postoperative complications. To assess SFR, patients underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) on the first post-op day. Postoperative complications were assessed using the Clavien-Dindo classification.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average surgery time in group 2 was 16 minutes, which was significantly less than that in group 1 (p &lt; 0.001). We believe this reduction is due to the absence of the first stage. The puncture time did not differ between the two groups (p = 0.739), with an average puncture time of 2 minutes. There was no significant difference in SFR between the groups, with 91.4% in group 1 and 93.8% in group 2 (p &gt; 0.999). Similarly, there were no significant differences in haemoglobin loss and creatinine changes between the groups (p = 0.32 and p = 0.442, respectively). No severe complications were observed, as classified by Clavien-Dindo III and IV.</p></sec><sec><title> Conclusion</title><p> Conclusion. dgPCNL is safe and effective compared to standard PCNL, offering the advantage of reduced operative time. Blood transfusions were not required in either group.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>перкутанная нефролитотомия</kwd><kwd>хирургия</kwd><kwd>директивная пункция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney stone disease</kwd><kwd>percutaneous nephrolitothomy</kwd><kwd>surgery</kwd><kwd>direct-guided punction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vicentini FC, Gomes CM, Danilovic A, Neto EA, Mazzucchi E, Srougi M. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Current concepts. Indian J Urol. 2009;25(1):4-10. DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.44281</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vicentini FC, Gomes CM, Danilovic A, Neto EA, Mazzucchi E, Srougi M. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Current concepts. Indian J Urol. 2009;25(1):4-10. 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